We build a model of activist campaigns against corporations that captures both their direct impact through private politics, and their indirect impact through changing targeted firms’ incentives to engage in public politics. A strategic activist seeks to transform the behavior of an industry, and influence it to adopt a costly green technology that will reduce environmental damages. To do so, t...

Environmental crisis and shortage of fossil fuels make Electric Vehicles (EVs) alternatives for conventional vehicles. With growing numbers of EVs, the coordinated charging is necessary to prevent problems such as large peaks and power losses for grid and to minimize charging costs of EVs for EV owners. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimal charging schedule based on Dynamic Programming (DP...

Understanding and improving environmental quality by reducing soil nutrient leaching losses, reducing bioavailability of environmental contaminants, sequestering C, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and enhancing crop productivity in highly weathered or degraded soils, has been the goal of agroecosystem researchers and producers for years. Biochar, produced by pyrolysis of biomass, may help at...

Over the two last decades, distribution companies have been aware of the importance of paying attention to the all aspects of a distribution system simultaneously to be successful in the global market. These aspects are the economic, the environmental, the social and the safety aspects. In the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) literature, the economic issue has often been used, while the environmen...

The paper analyzes the cost-efficiency of trading CO2 emissions by focusing on the overall environmental impacts of active climate policy measures. When reducing CO2 emissions, other emissions, also related to the consumption of fossil fuels, decrease with no additional cost. These secondary benefits must be taken into consideration when analyzing gains from international emissions trading. The...

Improving energy efficiency is one of the most important energy policies in many countries. This study mainly focused on the economic and environmental effects of energy efficiency improvements in Iran’s electricity sector on Iran’s economy using a computable general equilibrium framework. Furthermore, the potential benefits of carbon reduction were explored. The results showed that the most si...

In most decision-making involving natural resources, the achievements of a given policy (e.g., improved ecosystem or biodiversity) are rather difficult to measure in monetary units. To address this problem, the current paper develops an environmental cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) to include intangible benefits in intertemporal natural resource problems. This approach can assist managers in...

This document describes the optimization framework of the GAINS model as used for the development of cost-effective air pollution control scenarios for Europe. We put particular emphasis on the methodology for finding cost-effective control strategies that address both environmental impact indicators related to air pollution, and the radiative forcing of (some of) these pollutants. The GAINS mu...