Qualitative thematic maps are graphic representations of the process of areal differentiation, a process recognized as one of the hallmarks of the geographer’s craft and one of geography’s grand traditions. Traditionally the process can best be described as classification based on Boolean Set Theory wherein the area bounded by the cartographic line is considered to be in that class for the targ...

The accumulation and infiltration of mast cells are found in osteoarthritic lesions in humans and rodents. Nonetheless, the roles of mast cells in osteoarthritis are almost unknown. Although Viscum coloratum has various beneficial actions, its effect on allergic and osteoarthritic responses is unknown. In this study, we established an in vitro model of mast cell-mediated osteoarthritis and inve...

In this paper, we study the root distributions of Ehrhart polynomials free sums certain reflexive polytopes. We investigate cases where roots $A_d^\vee$'s or $A_d$'s lie on canonical line $\mathrm{Re}(z)=-\frac{1}{2}$ complex plane $\mathbb{C}$, $A_d$ denotes polytope type A dimension $d$ and $A_d^\vee$ its polar dual. For example, it is proved that $A_m^\vee \oplus A_n^\vee$ with $\min\{m,n\} ...

A Q -fuzzy set is a mapping from [0,1] X Q × → where X is the universe of discourse and Q is a non-empty set. Some works has been emanated for this Q -fuzzy set. In all the above work the set 'Q' is treated as a non-empty set without any algebraic structure. This article presents an algebraic structure for Q -fuzzy set over a semiring named as 1 Q -fuzzy set and provide some properties and resu...

Using the belongs to relation (∈) and quasi-coincidence with relation (q) between fuzzy points and fuzzy sets, the concept of (α, β)fuzzy subalgebras where α, β are any two of {∈, q, ∈ ∨ q, ∈∧ q} with α 6=∈∧ q was introduced, and related properties were investigated in [3]. As a continuation of the paper [3], in this paper, the notion of a fuzzy subalgebra with thresholds is introduced, and its...

The aim of this paper is to introduce the notions of interval valued (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy Boolean (implicative, positive implicative and fantastic) filters in BL-algebras and to investigate some related properties. Some characterizations of these generalized fuzzy filters are derived. Finally, the relations among these generalized fuzzy filters are discussed. It is proved that an interval valued (∈,∈...

We demonstrated that Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus replicated in and adapted rapidly to human diploid cell strain WI-38. Peak titers of approximately 10(9.8) mouse intracerebral 50% lethal doses were obtained at low passage levels in Eagles basal medium supplemented with calf serum. VEE virus replicated poorly in serum-free medium. Propagation of VEE virus was accompanied by t...

Based on the notion of $Q$-sup-lattices (a fuzzy counterpart of complete join-semilattices valuated in a commutative quantale), we present the concept of $Q$-sup-algebras -- $Q$-sup-lattices endowed with a collection of finitary operations compatible with the fuzzy joins. Similarly to the crisp case investigated in cite{zhang-laan}, we characterize their subalgebras and quotients, and following...