PURPOSE To determine whether types of optical correction for refractive error are associated with sex, social class, and occupational group in the working population. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out among employees in Catalonia (Spain) aged 16 to 65 years who underwent the Asepeyo Prevention Society health examination in 2009 (86,831 participants: 59,397 men and 27,421 women)....

changes in the rate of women socio-political participation and presence are among the changes and developments occurred in socio-political sphere in iran in the recent decades. it is expected that as women capabilities and education rate and international interactions increase, their socio-political participation and presence especially in legislature branch increase dramatically as well. this ...

the objective of this article was to investigate the relationship between capitals, religiosity and loneliness among women in shiraz, iran. using survey method, we chose 413 women between 19 to 65 years of age by cluster random sampling. findings showed that being religious decrease emotional loneliness and more cultural and social capital decrease social loneliness. employed women enjoyed more...

BACKGROUND In DSM-IV, an alcohol abuse diagnosis is preempted by dependence, although the symptoms of each disorder are different. Consequently, little is known about the extent to which dependence occurs with or without abuse. The distinction is important because of potential heterogeneity in dependence as a phenotype in genetic research, as well as potential underestimation of alcohol depende...

OBJECTIVES To present nationally representative findings on prevalence, sociodemographic correlates, disability, and comorbidity of borderline personality disorder (BPD) among men and women. METHOD Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 34,653 adults participating in the 2004-2005 Wave 2 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Personality disorder diagnoses were ...

Anxiety and depression are among the mental disorders that are highly prevalent in advanced and developing societies. Statistics show that one in five people, especially women, suffer from these disorders at some point in their lives. In Iran, the prevalence of anxiety is 15.6% and depression is 12.7% (Khademian et al., 2021, Mohammadi et al., 2019)

Background: Detection of HIV among elderly is increasing globally and this is going to be a major public health issue in recent future. In India, data regarding demographical and clinical picture of HIV among elderly are sparse more so for elderly women. Elderly individuals especially women are still largely outside the light of HIV awareness programs and represent a major portion of undiagnose...

Using data from the first wave of the Netherlands Kinship Panel Study (NKPS) for 2867 women and 2195 men aged 40 to 79, this study examines to what extent educational, employment and marital pathways shape the likelihood of remaining childless, and whether these pathways are gendered. The findings indicate that women and men have distinctive pathways into childlessness. Educational attainment i...

INTRODUCTION The epidemiological transition has resulted in a major increase in the prevalence of obesity in North Africa. This study investigated differences in obesity and its association with area of residence, gender and socio-economic position among adults in Algeria and Tunisia, two countries with socio-economic and socio-cultural similarities. METHODS Cross-sectional studies used strat...

Previous studies of predominantly Western populations have reported inconsistent associations between age at menarche and risk of diabetes. We examined this relationship among Chinese women, who generally experience menarche at a later age than Western women. In 2004-2008, China Kadoorie Biobank recruited 302,632 women aged 30-79 years from 10 areas across China, and recorded 5,391 incident cas...