Noninvasive faecal DNA sampling has the potential to provide a wealth of information necessary for monitoring and managing endangered species while eliminating the need to capture, handle or observe rare individuals. However, scoring problems, and subsequent genotyping errors, associated with this monitoring method remain a great concern as they can lead to misidentification of individuals and ...

Zataria multiflora essential oil possesses immunomodulatory effects and the present study investigatesits effect on immune responses to live Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines and faecal shedding period ofvaccine strain virus in chickens. One hundred and eighty chickens from both sexes were divided into 6 equalgroups: group 1: unvaccinated, group 2: vaccinated (B1 vaccine followed by La Sota 10 da...

Aim: An epidemiological study of gastrointestinal parasites of working camels in Sokoto metropolis was conducted between March and September, 2013, where the general prevalence and seasonal distribution were identified. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 faecal samples from working camels were examined using standard parasitological techniques (Centrifugal sedimentation and simple flotation)...

This study deals with the examination of quality of seawater bathing areas in Greece over a 10-year period and identifies risk factors for high bacteria indicator organism concentrations. Qualitative descriptive analysis was applied and the microbiological test results of 231,205 water samples were associated with pollution markers and other parameters. Measurements of Escherichia coli (99.6%) ...

The health status of goshawk chicks (Accipiter gentilis) from the nests in the vicinity of Wrocław was evaluated. The research was conducted in spring 2001. Each nest was inspected three times at different phases of the reproduction period and the protocol included: the counting of eggs in each nest, clinical examination of chicks, collecting swabs from the crop and cloaca, blood and litter sam...

AIM To present a critical discussion of the efficacy of the faecal pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 (faecal M2-PK) test for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening based on the currently available studies. METHODS A literature search in PubMed and Embase was conducted using the following search terms: fecal Tumor M2-PK, faecal Tumour M2-PK, fecal M2-PK, faecal M2-PK, fecal pyruvate kinase, faecal ...

AIMS To ascertain the present practices of Scottish microbiological laboratories for examining faecal samples for Cryptosporidium spp and to compare these with practices elsewhere. METHOD A questionnaire was circulated to all 35 Scottish NHS bacteriological laboratories, where human stool samples are subjected to routine microbiological examination, to determine current laboratory testing met...

Case Report: A 63year old lady was admitted to hospital with a 3day history of lower abdominal pain and obstipation. On examination, she demonstrated a distended tender abdomen. Digital examination revealed faecal impaction of the rectum. Blood investigations were normal and abdominal X-ray revealed dilated large bowel loops with some faecal loading. Initially managed conservatively, she procee...

BACKGROUND Cooking butter is one of the most popular types of fat consumed in Egyptian houses. It is produced in villages by rural women that are usually using their traditional knowledge during manufacturing. OBJECTIVE To study the rate of contamination and hygienic quality of cooking butter METHODS A total of 60 random samples of cooking butter, were collected from different farmers' hous...

A 60-year-old asymptomatic man attended following positive faecal occult blood testing in the UK bowel cancer screening programme. He was a regular carer for young grandchildren. Recent tests showed an elevated eosinophil count (0·82 × 109 cells per L [range 0·04–0·4]). Colonoscopy patchy erythema and erosions with multiple Enterobius vermicularis (threadworm or pinworm) caecum (figure, A). His...