there are several methods for measuring the performance and value of a company. these are, earnings per share, earnings growth rate, dividend per share, rate of return on equity and free cash flow. the purpose of this article is to show that all these criteria have some deficiencies and will introduce a new criterion called economic value added (eva). eva is computed by subtracting capital char...

The authors develop a conceptua] framework of the marketing-finance interface and discuss its implications for the theory and practice of marketing. The framework proposes that marketing is concerned with the task of developing and managing market-based assets, or assets that arise from the commingling of the firm with entities in its external environment. Examples of market-based assets includ...

Academics, politicians, and journalists are often highly critical of U.S. firms for holding too much cash. Cash holdings are stockpiled free-cash flow and incur substantial opportunity costs from the perspectives of economics. However, behavioral theory highlights the benefits of cash holdings as fungible slack resources facilitating adaptive advantages. We use the countervailing forces embodie...

This paper analyzes a risk averse entrepreneur’s real investment decision under incomplete markets. The entrepreneur smoothes his intertemporal consumption by investing in both a risk-free asset and a risky asset, which allows him to partially hedge against the project cash flow risk. We show that risk aversion lowers both the project value upon investment and the option value of waiting to inv...

A classic theory of corporate governance holds that, when cash flow is high and investment opportunities scarce, takeover threats reduce managerial self dealing and encourage dividend payment to owners. We conduct laboratory experiments studying the effect of cash flow on self dealing and the effect of takeover threats on both agency problems and the optimality of management of cash flows. We f...

In order to obtain SEO (Secondary Equity Offering) qualification, china listed companies would do different levels of earnings management centering on accounting earnings indicators. While previous researches on earnings management are mainly focused on enterprise management authorities’ accruals manipulation. In fact, in order to avoid losses, the user of statements would pay more attention to...

In this short note we prove a conjecture posed in Cui et al. (2012): Dynamic mean-variance problems in arbitrage-free, complete financial markets do not allow free cash flows. Moreover, we show by investigating a benchmark problem that this effect is due to the performance criterion and not due to the time inconsistency of the strategy.

In capital budgeting problems future cash–flows are discounted using the expected one period returns of the investment. In this paper we establish a theory that relates this approach to the assumption that markets are free of arbitrage. Our goal is to uncover implicit assumptions on the set of cash–flow distributions that are suitable for the capital budgeting method. As results we obtain that ...

This paper addresses student confusion over the calculation of the key valuation measure of free cash flow. Confusion is shown to arise from the measure used to represent capital expenditures and from the treatment of depreciation expense. Even for students who have had a full complement of undergraduate finance courses, the former is clearly a point of confusion for many students and its handl...