BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The emergence of plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) β-lactamases conferring resistance to third-generation cephalosporins has become a major clinical concern worldwide. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of pAmpC-producing E. cloacae isolates and typing of them in Qazvin and Tehran provinces, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 cefoxitin non-su...

1Department of Pharmacology, Baqyyatallah Medical Science University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. 2Food and Drug Control Laboratories, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. Food and Drug Departments, 3Tehran; 4Kermanshah; 5Fars; 6Khozestan; 7Khorasan, Islamic Republic of Iran. Received: 18/09/02; accepted: 29/09/03 ABSTRACT Prescribing, dispensing, av...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare the timing of puberty between various geographic locations and different ethnicities. METHODS This national survey was conducted in 20 provinces in Iran. Healthy Iranian girls were selected from public schools using cluster random sampling. A total number of 30 clusters including 7493 girls, aged 6.0-20 years, were selected. In order to compare different...

BACKGROUND One of the major health policy issues, in the both developed and developing countries, is the equality in the distribution of health resources. The aim of this study was to investigate the disparity in the distribution of health physical resources across the provinces of Iran in 2001 and 2011. METHODS This was a cross-sectional retrospective study which investigated inequality in t...

In portfolio theory, it is well-known that the distributions of stock returns often have non-Gaussian characteristics. Therefore, we need non-symmetric distributions for modeling and accurate analysis of actuarial data. For this purpose and optimal portfolio selection, we use the Tail Mean-Variance (TMV) model, which focuses on the rare risks but high losses and usually happens in the tail of r...

blood samples (291857) from 24 provinces of iran were tested for abo and rh groups. the rh complexes as well as kell, duffy, kidd, lutheran, kp and xg blood groups were tested only on a part of the material from tehran. results show a great deal of heterogeneity for abo and rh groups in various provinces of iran. the calculated gene frequencies are compared with those of other investigations in...

 Given that improvement in efficiency is a major resource to economic development, this can be applied to each domestic sector of an economy. The objective of this paper is to measure technical efficiency of the Iranian Post Company across the country’s provinces using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The ranking of technical efficiency has been calculated by using collected data on post offi...

BACKGROUND As social health is a condition-driven, dynamic and fluid concept, it seems necessary to construct and obtain a national and relevant concept of it for every society. Providing an empirical back up for Iran's concept of social health was the aim of the present study. METHODS This study is an ecologic study in which available data for 30 provinces of Iran in 2007 were analyzed. In o...

The general aim of this study, which was conducted for the first time in Iran, was to evaluate the seroprevalence and geographical distribution of Ehrlichia canis in a dog population in Iran, followed by molecular confirmation using PCR and sequencing. Blood samples were collected from 240 dogs in different areas of Alborz and Tehran Provinces and initially analyzed using the immunofluorescent ...