In the paper, course of post-reaction gas afterburning generated during metallurgical process where reduction metal and semi-metal oxides is performed with use carbon presented. Process waste gases can be an alternative source energy to used in same or converted another. The participation chemical enthalpy total stream 93 %, rest physical enthalpy. study, particular attention was paid proper mi...

Large explosive class 1.3 solid .propellant rocket motors utilizing polybutadiene binder, aluminum fuel, and ammonium perchlorate oxidizer are typically considered explosively vlsafell. That is, the required stimulus is so large that motor detonation is extremely unlikely, even when donored by a sizeable high explosive charge. Two large ground cratering events have occurred during recent years ...

in spark ignition (si) engines, the accurate control of air fuel ratio (afr) in the stoichiometric value is required to reduce emission and fuel consumption. the wide operating range, the inherent nonlinearities and the modeling uncertainties of the engine system are the main difficulties arising in the design of afr controller. in this paper, an optimization-based nonlinear control law is anal...

A one-dimensional button-cell model is developed and applied to explore the influence of anode microstructure on solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) performance. The model couples porous-media gas transport and elementary electrochemical kinetics within a porous Ni-YSZ cermet anode, a dense YSZ electrolyte membrane and a composite LSM-YSZ cathode. In all cases the fuel is humidified H2 and air is the ...

Explosive formulations incorporating aluminum nano particles as a fuel has been extensively studied due to their low diffusion length scales and their high specific energy release compared to traditional organic formulations. In this work we evaluate the combustion product particle size distribution of nanothermites, and deduce some controlling combustion mechanisms. The results presented here ...

Dealloyed nanoporous gold leaves (NPGLs) are found to exhibit high electrocatalytic properties toward both hydrazine (N(2)H(4)) oxidation and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) reduction. This observation allows the implementation of a direct hydrazine-hydrogen peroxide fuel cell (DHHPFC) based on these novel porous membrane catalysts. The effects of fuel and oxidizer flow rate, concentration and cel...

A methodology for estimating the extinction factor at λ = 530 nm in diffusion flames is presented. All experiments have been in microgravity and have as their objective the production of quantitative data that can serve to evaluate the soot volume fraction. A better understanding of soot formation and radiative heat transfer is of extreme importance to many practical combustion related processe...

Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) are promising renewable and implantable power sources. However, their power output is often limited by inefficient electron transfer between the enzyme molecules and the electrodes, hindered mass transport, low conductivity, and small active surface area of the electrodes. To tackle these issues, we herein demonstrated a novel EBFC equipped with enzyme-functional...