background: one of the domains of scientific activities is working on animals. performing experiments on animals is per­missible only with the purpose of obtaining necessary information for saving and improving life of human be­ings or ani­mals. principally, all religions believe that human life is more valuable than animal life and humans have a god-given au­thority over animals, but they shou...

results of 153 patients, 96.8% received pc and 54.9% transfused ffp during or after surgery. most of the transfusions were done after operation in intensive care unit (icu). also, 20% and 17% of the patients underwent transfusion of more than 6 units of pc and ffp, respectively. the mean left ventricular ejection fraction of the patients was 42.5 ± 10.9%. a significant number of patients had an...

introduction: diabetes is one of the usual medical problems that had an important negative effect on patient’s health. researches demonstrate that there is a wide gap between recommended medical actions and received care by patients with diabetes. the aim of study was to assess the quality of care provided to patients with type 2 diabetes. materials and methods: a cross-sectional study was carr...

background: development of a manual or well‑defined criterion for prioritizing the topics of clinical practice guidelines (cpgs) will help validate and organize this process evermore. this study was conducted to design an applicable manual that would prioritize the cpg topics for family physicians. methods: this study was a multi‑stage method using a qualitative approach that was conducted for ...

 Kidney disease (KD) is a serious risk factor for cardiovascular event, and it is important to protect the heart and kidneys during treatment of the high blood pressure to prevent cardiovascular event. Japanese guideline (JSH2014) suggests using combination therapy to reduce the risk of comorbidities rather than high-dose monotherapy for the patients with cardiovascular disease and KD. Therefor...

80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 Tlined elsewhere. Briefly, the American Gastroenterological Association Institute (AGA) process for developing clinical practice guidelines incorporates Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology and best practices as outlined by the Institute of Medicine. GRADE method...

Elevated blood pressure is an important modifiable risk factor for both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Much time and effort in chronic kidney disease (CKD) clinics is spent on measuring blood pressure, deciding whether to escalate treatment, and which agent to use. Blood pressure is therefore an essential topic for the Kidney Disease Improving G...

lysosomal storage diseases (lsds) result from a genetic defect in synthesis and cellular transport of lysosomal enzyme to the lysosomes. lsds are progressive and may present at any age affecting multiple tissues and organ systems. they comprise a diverse group of over 40 clinically distinct inherited disorders. as a group they occur in approximately 1 in 5000 to 8000 births in the western socie...