BACKGROUND Therapeutic interchange of a same class medication for an outpatient medication is a widespread practice during hospitalization in response to limited hospital formularies. However, therapeutic interchange may increase risk of medication errors. The objective was to characterize the prevalence and safety of therapeutic interchange. METHODS AND FINDINGS Secondary analysis of a trans...

Madam, Discovery of H2 blockers was a major break through in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease with healing rates ranging from 65% to 89% and a 70% relapse wIthin a year. Delayed response and compliance was a major problem with H2 blockers. Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) were introducted for better compliance both in terms of dosage and duration and early return to work (due to rapid pain rel...

The gastrojet, a closed loop pH feedback infusion pump capable of maintaining intragastric pH at a target value by infusing H2 blockers at variable rates, was used to assess factors influencing the quantity of famotidine required to maintain intragastric pH above 4 for 24 hours in 34 fed patients with duodenal ulcers. The following factors were considered: sex, age, duration of the disease, pre...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The incidence and prevalence of peptic ulcer disease has decreased in recent years, but it is not so easy to make the same conclusion when complications of peptic ulcer are taken into consideration. The aim of this study is to determine the time trends in complicated peptic ulcer disease and to state the effects of H2 receptor blockers, proton pump inhibitors (PPI), and H. pylor...

IL-12 and IL-10, respectively, stimulate Th1 and Th2 immune responses. The development of some allergic reactions, infections, and tumors are associated with excessive histamine production and a shift toward Th2 responses. Here we address the possibility that this association is causally linked, at least in part, to modulation of IL-12 and IL-10 production by histamine. We report that histamine...

isozymes are a family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the interconversion of CO2 and HCO3. 1,2) The enzyme is abundantly present in mammalian red blood cells and to a lesser extent in different types of tissues and secretory organs. In addition, carbonic anhydrase have been obtained and characterized from plant, yeast and bacteria. The important roles of the enzyme in various cell types ha...

Wound healing is a natural response to restore the injured tissue to normal. Wound healing is also complicated process involving different cellular, molecular and biochemical mechanisms and various types of cytokines and growth factors. Calcium channel blockers belong to cardiovascular medicine and administrated to treatment of hypertension, angina and cardiac arrhythmia because of vasodilatory...

UNLABELLED Nuclear medicine technology assumes responsibility for examination-specific patient preparation procedures. This requires a clear understanding of the possible effects of medications on the outcome of examinations. There is evidence that common over-the-counter drugs, histamine 1 (H1) and histamine 2 (H2) receptor blockers and proton pump inhibitors, may directly or indirectly affect...