documentary credit or letter of credit (lc) is one of the methods of payment in international commerce. the documentary credit is a binding commitment from the issuing bank to pay a sum of money to the beneficiary on certain conditions. the applicant needs to contract with an issuing bank to open a lc. the legal nature of such contract is a controversy issue and thus different opinions are brou...

Web 2.0 offers an easy way for individuals to share any kind of content. The users’ new role of being a content producer is associated with the responsibility to observe the relevant law. In this article, relevant regulations of the German and Austrian law are presented. In an attempt to understand the factors that influence users’ lawful behavior, the presented research examines the effects of...

Incident Response has always been perceived as a very important issue in every Corporate Security Policy. Every security incident has to be treated differently according to many different factors that define its significance, magnitude and effects. In this context, many Incident Response best practices were developed and adopted in corporate or legal frameworks and standards. On the other hand,...

promise de port fort is an useful legal basic for justification many civil and commercial transactions. such as bank guaranties, insurance and guaranty of things it divides two legal relations, relation between parties if third party not ratify and relation with third party if she or he ratify that promise. unlike its appearance, it, is not violation the principle of relativity of contracts. be...

introduction:first, definition the stem cell refers to those cells that are still not clear and are not equipped for a particular task. these cells have proliferative properties and  ability to differentiate into other types of cells have become. this characteristic of stem cells to self-directed has absorbed professional opinion that extensive research is done in this regard. nowadays, stem ce...

Mismatch of territories under authority of local governments with urban-regional activity domains, on one hand, has caused numerous problems and, on the other hand, has hindered taking maximum advantage of regional capacities and partial and competitive advantages. Hence, application of a new regionalism approach, which focuses on shared planning and management by all stakeholder groups within ...