The causes of much of human cancer remain obscure. The fraction that is spontaneous is unknown and cannot be calculated until all known external causes have been accounted for. This is not a feasible proposition. However, there is substantial evidence that about 80% of human cancer could be avoided by eliminating tobacco consumption; by dietary changes; by reducing infection with certain viruse...

G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a class of therapeutic targets that have been widely exploited for drug designs and development. Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) belong to Class C GPCRs and are predominantly involved in maintaining cellular homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS). The natural ligand of mGluRs, glutamate, interacts with recep‐ tor proteins leading ...

Featured Article: Yanaihara N, Caplen N, Bowman E, Seike M, Kumamoto K, Yi M, et al. Unique microRNA molecular profiles in lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Cancer Cell 2006;9:189 –98. Recent evidence has revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) function as tumor suppressors and oncogenes, and therefore miRNAs might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In 2002, Croce’s group report...

Intratumoral evolution produces extensive genetic heterogeneity in clinical cancers. This is generally attributed to an increased mutation rate that continually produces new genetically defined clonal lineages. Equally important are the interactions between the heritable traits of cancer cells and their microenvironment that produces natural selection favoring some clonal 'species' over others....

Within the last 4 years, progress in the transplantation of human cancer into animals has been striking (3, 4, 8, 10). The present report deals with at tempts to transplant 68 human neoplasms into hamster cheek pouches. The animals were treated in various ways in an a t tempt to reduce their resistance to the growth of human tumors. A considerable proportion of the cancers survived, and some gr...

Septins are GTP-binding proteins that are evolutionarily and structurally related to the RAS oncogenes. Septin expression levels are altered in many cancers and new advances point to how abnormal septin expression may contribute to the progression of cancer. In contrast to the RAS GTPases, which are frequently mutated and actively promote tumorigenesis, little is known about the occurrence and ...

Background & Objective: Malignant breast tumors, which are one of the most important deadly cancers in women, like many other cancers, are proposed to be related to viruses etiologically. Proper management of breast carcinoma necessitates an identification of the etiological factors. Human Papillomavirus is considered to have an etiological role in breast carcinoma. We...

background & objectives: colon cancer is currently of high incidence and mortality rate. identifying the factors influencing its prognosis can be very beneficial to its clinical treatment. recent studies have shown that lymph nodes ratio can be considered as an important prognostic factor. the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of this factor on the prognosis of the patie...