Asthma is an airway inflammatory disease with functional and structural changes, leading to bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and airflow obstruction. Airway structural changes or airway remodelling consist of epithelial injury, goblet cell hyperplasia, subepithelial layer thickening, airway smooth muscle hyperplasia and angiogenesis. These changes were previously considered as a consequence ...

In this case report, the authors report the presence of two supposedly antagonic immune diseases in the same patient. The patient is a 45-year-old white woman with a history of asthma and allergic rhinitis for the last 10 years. Asthmatic symptoms were present and were triggered after exposure to dust and mold. Her Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I (HTLV-I) seropositive status was detected by c...

C57BL/6 is the most often used laboratory mouse strain. However, sometimes it is beneficial to cross the transgenic mice on the C57BL/6 background to the other strain, such as FVB. Although this is a common strategy, the influence of crossing these different strains on homeostatic expression of cytokines is not known. Here we have investigated the differences in the expression of selected cytok...

We recently identified T cell epitopes associated with human allergic responses. In a majority of cases, responses focused on a few immunodominant epitopes which can be predicted on the basis of MHC binding characteristics. Several observations from our studies challenged the assumption that T cell epitopes are derived from the same allergen proteins that bind IgE. Transcriptomic and proteomics...

Severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) has been associated with T-helper type 2 (Th2) inflammatory response. A good understanding of T cell functions in is important for therapy, especially the choice biological treatments severe cases. Mepolizumab, an IL-5 antagonist, indicated treatment asthma. Regulatory cells (Tregs) suppress inflammation by secreting cytokines that inhibit Th2 proliferation. We ...

Abstract Background Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is an allergic response characterized by type 2 inflammatory reactions mediated T helper cells (Th2). Th2 elevated cytokines related to the humoral response, including Interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-25 and IL-33. Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) a distinguishable form of CRSwNP primary localized disea...