A full-term female baby was diagnosed as having Apert syndrome with craniosynostosis, hypertelorism, syndactyly, polydactyly, and cleft plate. At her first ophthalmic visit at 8 months old, she was noted to have bilateral exophthalmos with epiblepharon on her lower lids, exotropia, and right inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA) and manifested right dissociated vertical deviation (DVD). The...

is only one question, where to make the operation, which part of the ciliary body shall we detach ? We decided, referring to the intact part of the iris, at the insertion of the inferior rectus muscles. Next day the pressure was subnormal (12 Hg mm.) and for half a year there has been no alteration in the pressure. As far as we are concerned we would propose in cases of genuine iris-atrophy com...

Aims—To examine the postoperative stability of inferior rectus recession, with particular reference to the incidence of progressive overcorrection. Methods—The results of consecutive patients undergoing inferior rectus recession over a 3 year period were reviewed. Results—21 patients underwent inferior rectus recession, using an adjustable suture technique in all but three cases. In 16 patients...

Evoked potentials were recorded from the oculomotor nucleus in decerebrate cats following electrical stimulation of individual muscle branches of the oculomotor nerve. These potentials were usually triphasic but other more complex potentials were evoked depending on the positions of the recording electrode. Equipotential contour maps of the evoked electrical fields were plotted at different tim...

PURPOSE In a previous study, the authors found that recession of an extraocular muscle resulted in atrophy of both the recessed muscle and its antagonist. To determine if atrophy, caused by weakening of an extraocular muscle, results in changes in developed tension in the antagonist, the authors studied force development of the cat lateral rectus muscle after adductor weakening. METHODS Tenot...

PURPOSE Extraocular muscle (EOM) paths are constrained by connective tissue pulleys serving as functional origins. The quantitative structural features of pulleys and their intercouplings and orbital suspensions remain undetermined. This study was designed to quantify the composition of EOM pulleys and suspensory tissues. METHODS Five human orbits, ages 33 weeks gestation to 93 years, were im...

purpose: to identify the postoperative surgical outcomes and the changes in deviation in patients treated by bilateral medial rectus (bmr) recession for small to large angle esotropia with a minimum follow-up of two years methods: in this retrospective and consecutive case series, we reviewed medical records of 130 patients who had recession surgery for correction of esotropia between 2001-2011...