Various human rights are widely recognized in codified and customary international law. These human rights promise all human beings protection against specific severe harms that might be inflicted on them domestically or by foreigners. Yet, international law also establishes and maintains institutional structures that greatly contribute to violations of these human rights: fundamental component...

While many international organisations have independent evaluations, including the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Health organization (WHO), uniquely the World Bank in its 2015 World Development Report sought to ascertain the potential biases that influence how its staff interpret evidence and influence policy. Here, we describe the World Bank’s study design, including experiments ...

We study the effects of U.S. monetary policy on international mutual fund investment. apply a novel variant shock identification procedure in Bu et al. (2021) to decompose observed surprises into pure and information news components. An increase interest rates driven by leads large persistent outflows from emerging markets (EMs) lesser extent global funds. On other hand, increases positive shoc...

The impact off the International Monetary Fund (IMF) stabilization programme has been a subject of great controversies. This study therefore investigated policy recommendations contained in IMF Programme on development Nigeria’s external sector. In specific terms, examined fiscal deficit, exchange rate, foreign direct investment (FDI), degree trade openness, interest rate and bank credit to dom...