Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common diagnosed in clinical practice. Treatment is often initiated before microbiological confirmation and anti-microbial susceptibility testing. With rapidly rising antibiotic resistance treatment failures not uncommon. Beta-lactamase production by gram-negative bacteria causing UTI commonest mode of drug resistance. The aim current study was...

The widespread use of β-lactam antibiotics has lead to the development of resistance to this group of antibiotics in bacterial pathogens due to various types of β lactamase production. Amongst the mechanisms of resistance to third generation cephalosporins, production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β lactamases is the most common1. Since both ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase are en...

BACKGROUND The impact of food animals as a possible reservoir for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae, and the dissemination of such strains into the food production chain need to be assessed. In this study 334 fecal samples from pigs, cattle, chicken and sheep were investigated at slaughter. Additionally, 100 raw milk samples, representing bulk tank milk of 100...

Introduction and Aim: Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have emerged at an alarming rate. Multi locus sequence typing (MLST) is important parameter for identifying drug resistant organisms. The present study was carried out elucidating the mechanisms of CRE MLSTs associated with CRE. Materials Methods: (n=14) were obtained from various clinical samples subjected to Rapidec Carba NP ...

that hospital outbreaks of ESBL-producing E. coli may occur6. The reason why ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae is more likely to cause clusters of infection than E. coli has not been fully explored. While scores of scientists study bacterial pathogenesis, attention must surely be placed by the scientific community on the reasons why some strains are more “hospital-adapted” than others. Ability to at...

BACKGROUND NXL104 potentiates ceftazidime and ceftaroline against Enterobacteriaceae with extended-spectrum, AmpC, KPC and OXA β-lactamases. We examined whether similar potentiation was obtained against non-fermenters, which are less permeable than Enterobacteriaceae and have more potent efflux. METHODS MICs of ceftazidime+NXL104 (with NXL104 at 4 mg/L) and comparators were determined by CLSI...

Definitions: Beta-lactam antimicrobials are characterized by having a four-membered cyclic amide (beta-lactam ring) as part of their chemical structure (Figure 1) [1]. This broad group includes the penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams [1]. All beta-lactams have a similar mechanism of action; they inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis [1]. Resistance to beta-lactam antimicro...

The increasing trend of β-lactam resistance among Enterobacteriaceae is a worldwide threat. Enterobacteriaceae isolates causing intra-abdominal infections (IAI) from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) collected in 2008 and 2009 from the Asia-Pacific region were investigated. Detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC β-lactamases, and carbapenemases ...