BACKGROUND In high-income countries, viral load is routinely measured to detect failure of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and guide switching to second-line ART. Viral load monitoring is not generally available in resource-limited settings. We examined switching from nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based first-line regimens to protease inhibitor-based regimens in Africa, Sou...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinicopathologic correlation and prognostic value of HPV18 DNA viral load in patients with early-stage cervical neuroendocrine carcinoma (NECA). METHODS Formalin-fixed, paraffin- embedded tissue of cervical NECA patients with known HPV18 infection and clinicopathologic data including follow-up results were collected. The HPV18 DNA load was assessed with quantitativ...

In cellular networks including Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, how to balance the load is indispensable because traffic load and local user densities vary dynamically. A load balancing problem occurs when available wireless resources are not enough to support the requirements of users. Such a problem may lead to blocked or dropped calls and degrade the quality of service. This paper proposes...

A new mathematical model based on the alternative process routings in presence of a queuing system in a dynamic cellular manufacturing system has been proposed in this paper.This model integrates two problems of cell formation and inter-cell layout and also an efficiency factor which is defined for minimizing the cell load variation through the maximizing the busy time for all machine types. In...

Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) are now commonly available on many academic and corporate Campuses [1]. Load balancing is necessary to improve the network performance. The load may be unevenly distributed across a small number of Access points in the WLAN. In this paper, the load of AP is balanced using load balancing algorithm utilizing Cell breathing technique. Cell breathing is a techni...

BACKGROUND Using a dynamic visual display, we examine the changes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) plasma viral load and CD4 cell count for 5 years after antiretroviral therapy initiation in a large cohort of patients with HIV. METHODS Patients at a Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems site who initiated combination antiretroviral therapy between 1 Ja...

The present study investigated the effects of job stress on cellular immune function, such as NK cell activity and NK cell subsets. The participants were 61 female nurses aged 23-59, who worked in a public psychiatric hospital in Ishikawa, Japan. Each subject completed the Nursing Job Stressor Scale (NJSS) and their NK cell activity and lymphocyte surface antigens (CD16+56+) were evaluated as i...