a large number of people are affected by cancer and the primeval history of this malady has attracted attention toward complementary and alternative therapies to manage this disease. the present study has performed a survey on cancer in the iranian traditional medicine during the islamic era (itm) by focusing on cancer terminologies and related diseases over a millennium, from medieval to the e...

throughout history, there have always been different opinions about the necessity and methods of contraception in different cultures. persian medical scientists in the medieval era illustrated different contraceptive methods in their manuscripts. avicenna, for example, discussed different types of contraceptive methods in canon, one of the most important medical books written in the 10th centur...

This article argues that balm, or balsam, was, by the late medieval period, believed to be a panacea, capable of healing wounds and illnesses, and also preventing putrefaction. Natural history and pharmacological texts on balm from the ancient and late antique periods emphasized specific qualities of balm, especially its heat; these were condensed and repeated in medieval encyclopedias. The rar...

works of the most prominent authors such as: Zarrindast, Isma'fl Djurdjanr, MansUr b. Muhammad b. Ahmad, Hadji Zain al-Attar, and Muhammad Arzani. Appreciating this, Richter-Bernburg puts an intense effort into the analysis of the content of each manuscript, which, unusually for collections of Persian manuscripts, is not overshadowed by the beauty of the miniatures and illustrations. This enhan...

Patriarchy, it seems today, has always been an integral part of the Indian society. A slight glance at the status of women in India today makes one think that women have always been considered inferior to men. History, however, says otherwise; women in India have historically had a greater role to play and have commanded far greater respect than they do today. It will therefore be justified to ...

Background Functional gastrointestinal diseases are common in general populations and comprise more than 40% visits to gastroenterologists. Treatment options of gastrointestinal diseases have been limited. There are a few medications for functional gastrointestinal diseases and some of medications are not available in the market or in the place where the patient lives. Traditional Persian medic...

175 Further Reading Bulliet, Richward W. (1979) Conversion to Islam in the Medieval Period, An Essay in Quantitative History. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Hodgson, Marshall G. (1974) The Venture of Islam, Conscience and History in a World Civilization. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Lapidus, Ira M. (1988) A History of Islamic Societies. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University P...

As previous years, Dip 5 will continue with the redefinition of what was formerly known as public space, trying to reactivate the physical realm of the common, nowadays kidnapped by economic and political agents. The origin of the word paradise gets back to ancient Persia, and to the Avestian term pairi-daêza, composed by pairi, "around" and diz "to construct", literally enclosed space, that wa...