BACKGROUND Addiction for narcotics is a dangerous reality, especially in teenagers and young persons, and is one of the most important socioeconomic and health problems, threatens the human society and leads to social stagnancy in various aspects. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed at determining Meta-cognitive relationship with addiction potential tendency in students and determining the dis...

aim and background:  major depressive disorder (mdd) has physically and psychological effect on individuals with that disorder. one of the effective areas is emotion expression styles and metacognitive beliefs that has important role in interpersonal and between individual relationships. the purpose of this research was study of emotion expression styles and metacognitive beliefs in individuals...

Abstract Rumination is considered a cognitive vulnerability factor in the development and maintenance of depression. The metacognitive model rumination depression suggests that its association with partly depends on beliefs. Two beliefs about have been identified: positive utility negative uncontrollability social consequences. We conducted systematic review meta-analysis aimed: (1) to analyze ...

Objective: The objective of this study was analyzing the effect of meta-cognition elements on depression, trait and state anxiety symptoms.  Methods: In this Study, the sample consisted of 224 students of University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences that answered three questionnaires including Metacognitive Questionnaire (MCQ-30), Beck Depression inventory (BDI-II) and Spi...

although decisions or inferences we make based on test scores depend both on characteristics of test-takers and of testing sit- uations, there is just little research which has been undertaken on the effects of these characteristics on test performance (e.g., in’nami, 2006). the effect of listening strategies on listening performance is also unde- niable (vandergrift, 1997). thus, considering t...