Drug delivery of topical microbicidal molecules against HIV offers promise as a modality to prevent sexual transmission of the virus. Success of any microbicide product depends, in an interactive way, upon its drug (the microbicide active pharmaceutical ingredient, API) and its delivery system (e.g. a gel, film or intravaginal ring). There is a widespread agreement that more effective drug deli...

Objectives: 1) HIV prevention, using a mechanical cervical barrier in combination with microbicide. 2) Prevention of pregnancy. 3) Shield the cervix to prevent sperm penetration and Gonorrhea, Chlamydia and HIV virus invasion. Methods: We investigated a new FDA approved cervical barrier FemCap (Figure 1). The FemCap is a contraceptive device that is designed with a unique delivery system for mi...

UNLABELLED To compare Crinone vaginal progesterone gel with intramuscularly injected progesterone for luteal phase support in progesterone-supplemented frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles, a randomized prospective study of patients qualified for FET was conducted between September 2010 and January 2013 at a hospital in Shanghai, China. From the day of transformation into secretory phase ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the safety of dextrin sulphate (DS) gel compared to placebo gel in terms of local and systemic adverse events, and to determine the acceptability of dextrin sulphate gel. DESIGN A 4-week randomized trial of DS intra-vaginal gel, partially blinded, with placebo and observation control arms. Participants were randomized to use DS gel twice daily, placebo gel twice daily, DS ...

OBJECTIVE(S) To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the Micralax applicator and of methyl cellulose placebo gel for use in vaginal microbicide clinical trials. DESIGN A two-centre prospective study following women for 2 months. SETTING Two primary health care clinics in South Africa. PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS Female volunteers (n = 28) 18 years or older who were HIV negative and ha...

Introduction: Deeply infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is defined by the presence of endometrial implants penetrating under the peritoneal surface or under the wall of the pelvic organs to a depth of at least 5 mm. This case report describes a case of DIE involving vaginal wall, periurethral tissue, torus uterinus and sigmoid wall. Case Report: A 46­year­old female was presented with pelvic pain...

The tenofovir trial is being conducted among 1 000 HIV-negative women attending the Ethekwini Clinical Research Site in Durban and the rural Mafakathini clinic at Vulindlela, 90 km Unlike the controversial two failed microbicides (Ushercell cellulose sulphate-based vaginal gel and nonoxynol-9), where trial participants seroconverted, the tenofovir gel does not act in the vaginal lumen to kill t...

The objective of the present investigation was to develop and evaluate microemulsion based gel for the vaginal delivery of Sertaconazole. The solubility of Sertaconazole in various oils, surfactants and co-surfactants were checked to identify components of the microemulsion. The ternary diagrams were plotted to identify the area of microemulsion existence. Various gelling agents were evaluated ...

Our objective was to investigate the first-pass effect to the uterus of progesterone gel administered vaginally. This was a prospective, randomized study of 32 postmenopausal women, attending our menopause clinic. All women used transdermal estradiol (50 microg/day, a patch each week) for 2 weeks. They used either vaginal progesterone gel or intramuscular progesterone in oil 50 mg after 24 h to...