The plant chondriome confers a complex nature. The atp4 gene (formerly called orf25) of Aegilops crassa (CR) harbors the promoter sequence of the rps7 gene from common wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring, CS). The rps7 gene of CR has the promoter sequence of CS atp6. The atp6 gene of CR contains an unknown sequence inside of its coding region. Since repeat sequences have been found arou...

Described in 2005 by Bonnefond, L. et al, IARS2 (OMIM 612801) is a mitochondrial isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase encoded the nucleus. Phenotypically, mutation expressed broad clinical spectrum, which includes Leigh Syndrome (LS) as well extra-neurological effects. We described 7-year-old boy who presented global developmental delay, hypotonia and epilepsy, evolving with epileptic encephalopathy. An M...

quinol oxidation inhibitors (qois) are one of the most important classes of fungicides used in agriculture. they block electron transfer between cytochrome b and cytochrome c1, thereby impeding the production of atp via oxidative phosphorylation. qoi fungicides are generally at high risk of provoking resistance in fungal phytopathogens. resistance has been reported in more than thirty species, ...

The Pennsylvania grotto sculpin is known from just two caves of the Nippenose Valley in central Pennsylvania, USA. They exhibit emergent troglobitic morphological traits and are second northern-most cave adapted fish world. Two mitochondrial ( 16S rRNA D-loop gene) one nuclear S7 ribosomal protein gene intron) both epigean populations were sequenced. For three markers, a large proportion specim...

Hysterothylacium fabri is commonly reported in various Mediterranean fish. However, there no data on the mitochondrial ribosomal RNA (rrnS) gene sequence of H. larvae Sea waters. Therefore, we aimed to reveal molecular characterization based rrnS current study. Firstly, fourth stage were identified at parasitological examination from Mullus barbatus Sea. Morphologically herein also supported by...

Mitochondrial genetic disorders are a major cause of mitochondrial diseases. It is therefore likely that mitochondrial gene therapy will be useful for the treatment of such diseases. Here, we report on the possibility of mitochondrial gene delivery in skeletal muscle using hydrodynamic limb vein (HLV) injection. The HLV injection procedure, a useful method for transgene expression in skeletal m...

The complete mitochondrial DNA sequences of eight representatives of lower Diptera, suborder Nematocera, along with nearly complete sequences from two other species, are presented. These taxa represent eight families not previously represented by complete mitochondrial DNA sequences. Most of the sequences retain the ancestral dipteran mitochondrial gene arrangement, while one sequence, that of ...