The present study considers a variety of cyclone developments that occur in an idealized, baroclinic channel model featuring full condensation heating effects over an ocean with prescribed sea surface temperature variation. The geostrophic basic-state jet is specified by the tropopause shape, and horizontal shear is included by specifying the meridional variation of zonal wind on the lower boun...

previous studies show that the north atlantic oscillation (nao) is the dominant mode of variability in the northern hemisphere winter with marked climatic effects on its downstream regions. in this article the effects of some important forcing terms in the time tendency equation of the eddy kinetic energy (eke) in critical positive months (cpm) and critical negative months (cnm) of the nao are ...

Abstract This study examines whether the spread in the climate sensitivity of CoupledModel Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models also captures the spread in the Southern Hemisphere dynamical response to greenhouse gas forcing. Three metrics are proposed to quantify the “dynamical sensitivity” of the Southern Hemisphere: the poleward expansion of the Hadley circulation, the poleward exp...

‎In this paper we study the dynamics of the 2D-motion of a particle of monolayer‎. First we consider the usual physical time component and the plan manifold R2, having the polar coordinates. Then a geometric approach to nonholonomic constrained mechanical systems is applied to a problem from the two dimensional geometric dynamics of the Langmuir-Blodgett monolayer‎. We consider a constraint sub...

In this paper, we propose a new framework for joint encryption encoding scheme based on polar codes, namely efficient and secure joint secret key encryption channel coding scheme. The issue of using new coding structure, i.e. polar codes in Rao-Nam (RN) like schemes is addressed. Cryptanalysis methods show that the proposed scheme has an acceptable level of security with a relatively smaller ke...

Abstract Background Rivers and streams are one of the primary sources nitrous oxide (N 2 O) which is an important greenhouse gas with great global warming potential. Yet, over past century, human activities have dramatically increased reactive nitrogen loadings into consequently led to N O emission from river ecosystems. Here, we carried out a study in two subtropical rivers, i.e., Jinshui Rive...

Idealized experiments with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) are used to explore the mechanism(s) whereby the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) modulates the Northern Hemisphere wintertime stratospheric polar vortex. Overall, the effect of the critical line emphasized in the Holton–Tan mechanism is less important than the effect of the mean meridional circulation...

The Ural blocking (UB) high is a weather system closely related to the cold air process during winter, which could trigger extreme events in East Asia. By retrieving five single indexes, including accumulation frequency, central latitude, intensity, mean duration and north rim, it found that UB winter occurs more frequently, grows stronger, lasts longer located northward after 2002, compared wi...