The upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers are important transportation resources for United States grain producers and exporters. Unfortunately, the lock and dam system on these Rivers is aged and barge delays have become troublesome in the lower portion of these Rivers. Studies are underway to measure the benefits and costs of upgrading locks on selected segments of these transportation arteri...

The ecosystems of the San Francisco Bay estuary are influenced by the salinity of its waters, which in turn depends on flushing by freshwater inflows from the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada. Estimates of full-natural flows in eight major rivers that flush the Bay are analyzed here by extended empirical-orthogonal-function analyses to characterize distinct ‘modes’ of seasonal flow and runof...

The transfer of water, sediment, and other materials to floodplains is a function of the hydrology of inundation. Inundation of floodplains by regional water, that is, overbank flow from the main river channel, and local water, that is, groundwater, hyporheic water, local tributary water, and direct precipitation onto the floodplain, is such that some rivers inundate dry floodplains, while othe...

There has been too much of a one-way flow drift down a river of evidence. Researchers from rich countries have produced the primary evidence which they proceed to summarise within reviews. These summaries have directed care worldwide. However, things are changing and the river of evidence can flow in the other direction. The care of women with eclampsia has been changed or refined throughout th...

Although picophytoplankton (PP) (0.2-2 µm) are ubiquitous in lakes and oceans, their importance in rivers has rarely been studied. We examined PP assemblages during the ice-free period in five rivers of a temperate region varying in trophic state (9-107 µg/L total phosphorus) and water discharge (1-87 m3/s). In these rivers, PP abundance reached concentrations as high as those observed in lakes...

Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and carbon (DOC) often dominate the dissolved nitrogen and organic carbon fluxes from rivers, yet they are not considered to affect coastal water quality because of their assumed refractory nature. The objective of this study was to quantify DON and DOC bioavailability to bacteria in 9 rivers on the east coast of the United States during a 6 d dark bioassay expe...

Meandering channels formed by geophysical flows (e.g., rivers and seafloor turbidity currents) include the most extensive sediment transport systems on Earth. Previous measurements from rivers show how helical flow at meander bends plays a key role in sediment transport and deposition. Turbidity currents differ from rivers in both density and velocity profiles. These differences, and the lack o...

Arid zones have been affected during the quaternary by a large hydrological and climate variability. This change of processes has shaped the landscape leaving the signature of former paleodrainage and sedimentological features. Using the radar SAR images matched with the detailed topography, obtained from the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) data and ERS interferometry, it is possible to...

The objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of a generic rating curve with a small number of adjustable parameters for the restricted class of bedrock step-pool rivers. The motivation for this study arose from Utah Valley University’s long-term program of groundwater development in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, which requires hydrographs for bedrock step-pool rivers near r...