AIMS Although nitrates are widely used as a concomitant therapy with calcium channel blockers (CCBs) for vasospastic angina (VSA), their prognostic contribution remains unclear. The present study aimed to examine the prognostic impact of chronic nitrate therapy in patients with VSA. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 1429 VSA patients (median 66 years; male/female, 1090/339) were enrolled. The pr...

organic nitrates are commonly used in angina pectoris and ischemic cardiomyopathy. in order to optimize their effectiveness and patient convenience, several aspects must be observed. adequate doses, suitable dosage forms and asymmetric pattern of usage to prevent the nitrate tolerance are some factors that a physician must be familiar with. the objective of the present study was to define the p...

BACKGROUND Multiple N-nitroso compounds have been observed in animal studies to be both mutagenic and teratogenic. Human exposure to N-nitroso compounds and their precursors, nitrates and nitrites, can occur through exogenous sources, such as diet, drinking water, occupation, or environmental exposures, and through endogenous exposures resulting from the formation of N-nitroso compounds in the ...

Background Nutritional supplements have received attention for increasing blood flow to skeletal muscle during exercise. L-arginine is often used for its vasodilatory effects, and supplementation with nitrates has recently become more popular for the same reason. The purpose of the present study was to determine the acute hemodynamic effects of a multi-ingredient performance supplement (MIPS) c...

Nitrates appear to be constant constituents of human urine. Calculated as the potassium salt, human urine contains’ ordinarily 100 to 200 mg. of nitrate per liter, and occasionally 300 to 400 mg. or more. On normal rations other animals also excrete nitrates in the urine. The question of the origin of the urinary nitrates has not been settled satisfactorily, at least in the case of human urine....

Four hydroxynitrates (R(OH)R’ONO2) representative of atmospheric volatile organic compound (VOC) oxidation products were synthesized, nebulized and sampled into an Aerodyne High Resolution Time of Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS). The resulting mass spectrum was used to evaluate calibration factors for elemental analysis of organic nitrates by AMS, and to determine the distribution...

The content of nitrates and nitrites in agricultural products has been assessed as an indicator of the quality of the products and has important health influences 1. Changes in patterns of agricultural practice, food processing and industrialization have impacted accumulation of nitrates/nitrites in the environment. Intensive farming practice has resulted in an increasing use of nitrogen-based ...

Nitroglycerin (NTG) and other organic nitrates continue to be important drugs that are often used in cardiovascular medicine. All organic nitrates undergo denitrification, releasing nitric oxide (NO) through a biotransformation process that remains poorly understood to date. NO activates the enzyme soluble guanylyl cyclase in smooth muscle cells, causing increased levels of the second messenger...

Alkyl nitrates are metabolized in vitro to yield nitric oxide, and thiol groups have long been considered necessary cofactors. Here, we report evidence that no reaction between thiols and alkyl nitrates takes place in vitro, but stronger reducing agents, such as iron(II) derivatives, are necessary; alkoxy radicals and nitrite anions are the reaction intermediates. The latter, in slightly acidic...