The Softened Truss Model Theory applied to a prestressed concrete multiple cell box is developed in this study. In this theory, the concrete torsional problem is solved by combining equilibrium conditions, compatibility conditions and constitutive laws of materials. Up to now the theory has been applied only to the case of pure torsion with single cell section. An algorithm is presented to deal...

Self-criticism of physicians and patient participation are the pillars of modern medical ethics and medical programmes. Patients expect risk minimisation from physicians, mostly without realising how much they could actively do themselves in this respect. But what about the willingness of German people to take risks, how high is it really at present? Direct empirical data are not available, but...

During the heroic age of Antarctic exploration, snow blindness was a common problem, but not all the descriptions of it fit the modern view of the disease, and some of the explorers complained of long-term problems. This article describes the snow blindness and other eye problems that occurred during this era. It also describes how snow blindness was prevented and treated.

We develop a model describing how certain American men, those men who have been described as emasculated by recent socioeconomic changes, construct themselves as masculine through their everyday consumption. We find that American mass culture idealizes the man-of-action hero—an idealized model of manhood that resolves the inherent weaknesses in two other prominent models (the breadwinner and th...

Populist appeals to ‘pure people’ have been theorised mobilise previously disengaged citizens. However, this ‘corrective consequence’ has found weak support in empirical research. This finding is consistent with studies that suggest novel campaign and new political offerings a negligible effect on turnout. As consequence, research proposes distinction between the behavioural attitudinal effects...