In this paper we review the literature relating to the psychological/educational study of programming. We identify general trends comparing novice and expert programmers, programming knowledge and strategies, program generation and comprehension, and objectoriented versus procedural programming. (We do not cover research relating specifically to other programming styles.) The main focus of the ...

The aim of the study is to analyse the sequential paraverbal communication used while teaching by expert and novice PE teachers. Four expert and four novice teachers were observed using a coding scheme of paraverbal behavior. The detection of temporal patterns using Theme v.5 enabled sequential analyses of paraverbal behaviour. The results indicate that compared to expert teachers, novice teach...

This paper describes an initial attempt to compare performance levels of users of different skill levels on the Glasgow Horse Ovary Palpation Simulator (HOPS). Experimental participants were asked to identify the position and size of follicles on the surface of virtual horse ovaries. The two experimental groups were made up of expert and novice users. Experienced large animal veterinarians were...

Providing helpful analysis of cognitive process is one of the main concerns for user modeling and adaptive hypermedia conception. In this paper, a work is presented that looks very closely to the Human Computer Interactions and exploits these interactions to help novice computer users. We think that all the cognitive actions involved in a task resolution reflect the level of expertise that the ...

This paper describes how to adapt a static code analyzer to help novice programmers realize their mistakes , as current analyzers give feedback which is not very useful for novice programmers. An extension to PMD was made so that feedback messages appear which are easier to understand for novice programmers. Firstly, the current limitations of PMD were looked at by looking at their feedback of ...