In isolated ejecting cat hearts, the pumping ability of the left heart was described quantitatively by the relationship between mean left ventricular pressure and mean left ventricular output. This relationship was determined by making the heart eject against a series of different loads on a beat-to-beat basis. Left ventricular mean pressure-mean output relationships of control and potentiated ...

I investigate whether existing equilibrium business cycle models driven by demand shocks (in particular, government spending shocks) can rationalize the observed causal relationship when the following information structure is embedded: (i) Employment and output cannot respond to demand shocks immediately; they can do so only with a lag behind consumption. And (ii) investment cannot respond to d...

this article uses seasonal integration and co integration techniques to test the hypothesis of neutrality of money, using data from the iranian economy. seasonal data for the three variables of money supply, output and prices show that (increase in) money supply and the price level are co integrated at zero frequency, but one does not see such a relationship between (increase in) money supply a...

This paper uses descriptive statistics and regression analyses to esamine the relationship between exchange rate variability and output volatility in developed countries based on 1961 to 1984 data. The results indicate that a flexible exchange rate system is associated with less, not more, dispersion in output growth across industrialized countries despite a more turbulent global environment. A...

greenhouse gas emissions are considered as the main cause of climate change. investigation of economic dimensions of greenhouse gas emissions and its environmental effects especially in a situation where the volume of greenhouse gas increasingly is rising is very important. in this paper, the relationship between greenhouse gas emissions i.e. carbon dioxide and gdp per capita and energy consump...

This study examined the possibility of using arti"cial neural network weights to quantify input–output relationship. We derived a "rst-order coe7cient to calculate the relative contribution from the ith input to the kth output, called Qki. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation suggested that Qki depended on the magnitude, frequency and phase shift of the input/output function, making it...

This paper re-examines the relationship between government size and output volatility from two perspectives. First, we use a wider international data set of 91 countries over the period 1980-1999 and thus not only the OECD data that have thus far been utilized. Second, we also allow for time series aspect by using panel data estimations. We have two new findings. First, the results from OECD co...