Binding of several nitroheterocycles by mammalian cells is a function of the ambient oxygen concentration; anoxic single cells bind up to 10 times as much of these drugs as do aerobic cells. We thus hypothesized that fluorescent nitroheterocyles could be used to quantitate the fraction of hypoxic cells in multicell systems, and this was tested in multicell spheroids using a relatively nontoxic ...

We present a new concept of integrating a micropipette within a closed microfluidic system equipped with optical tweezers and a UV-Vis spectrometer. A single red blood cell (RBC) was optically trapped and steered in three dimensions towards a micropipette that was integrated in the microfluidic system. Different oxygenation states of the RBC, triggered by altering the oxygen content in the micr...

Nanoscale phase separation in Fe304(l 11) films on sapphire(0001) and phase stability of Fe304(001) films on MgO(001) grown by oxygen-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy We report a phase instability in oxygen-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy of Fe304 films on sapphire (0001) substrates. Under a wide range of growth conditions, Fe304 (111) films phase separate, on a nanometer length sc...

Chemical-Looping Combustion (CLC) is an emerging technology for CO2 capture because separation of this gas from the other flue gas components is inherent to the process and thus no energy is expended for the separation. Natural or refinery gas can be used as gaseous fuels and they may contain different amounts of light hydrocarbons. This paper presents the combustion results obtained with a Cu-...

Paleotemperature reconstructions rely on knowledge of the equilibrium separation of oxygen isotopes between aqueous solution and calcium carbonate. Although oxygen isotope separation is expected on theoretical grounds, the temperature-dependence remains uncertain because other factors, such as slow exchange of isotopes between dissolved CO2-species and water, can obscure the temperature signal....

Surface-modified TiO2 nanofibers (NFs) with tunable visible-light photoactive catalysts were synthesised through electrospinning, followed by a sulfidation process. The utilization of sodium-based sulfidation precursors effectively led to the diffusion and integration of sulfur impurities into TiO2, modifying its band function. The optical band function of the sulfur-modified TiO2 NFs can be ea...

A simplified procedure (involving disruption in sorbitol-pyrophosphate mixtures) permits the separation of spinach chloroplasts which retain the ability to catalyze the photosynthetic assimilation of carbon dioxide and its associated oxygen evolution.