Giardia lamblia, which is an important parasitic cause of diarrhea, uses activated forms of glucose to make glycogen and activated forms of mannose to make glycophosphosphoinositol anchors. A necessary step for glucose activation is isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose-1-phosphate by a phosphoglucomutase (PGM). Similarly, a phosphomannomutase (PMM) converts mannose-6-phosphate to man...

While molting occurs in the development of many animals especially in arthropods, postmaturity molting (PMM, organisms continue to molt after sexual maturity) has received little attention. Mechanism of molting has been studied intensively, however, the mechanism of PMM remains unknown although it is suggested to be crucial for the development of body size. In this study, we investigated factor...

The photoelectron momentum microscope (PMM) in operation at BL6U, an undulator-based soft x-ray beamline the UVSOR Synchrotron Facility, offers a new approach for μm-scale momentum-resolved spectroscopy (MRPES). A key feature of PMM is that it can very effectively reduce radiation-induced damage by directly projecting single constant energy contour reciprocal space with radius few Å−1 or real 1...

Forest floor mineral soil mix (FMM) and peat mineral soil mix (PMM) are cover soils commonly used for upland reclamation post open-pit oil sands mining in northern Alberta, Canada. Coarse woody debris (CWD) can be used to regulate soil temperature and water content, to increase organic matter content, and to create microsites for the establishment of microorganisms and vegetation in upland recl...

BACKGROUND Progressive myelomalacia (PMM) is a catastrophic disease associated with acute intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE). Published data on the clinical characteristics of this disease are limited. OBJECTIVE To describe the onset and progression of clinical signs of PMM in a large case cohort. ANIMALS Fifty-one dogs, 18 with histopathologically confirmed PMM, 33 presumptively diagnose...

Administration (EIA) provides analyses used to assess proposed energy and environmental policies and to make energy forecast for the Annual Energy Outlook (AEO). The tool used by EIA for these mid to long term forecasts is the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS), a large-scale model of energy supply, demand, prices, and technologies. One component of NEMS is the Petroleum Marketing Module (P...

We propose a new catalog-based speech-music separation method for background music removal. Assuming that we know a catalog of the background music, we develop a generative model for the superposed speech and music spectrograms. We represent the speech spectrogram by a Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) model and the music spectrogram by a conditional Poisson Mixture Model (PMM). By choosi...

The performance of demand-driven caching depends on the locality of reference exhibited by the stream of requests made to the cache. In spite of numerous efforts, no consensus has been reached on how to formally compare streams of requests on the basis of their locality of reference. We take on this issue by introducing the notion of Temporal Correlations (TC) ordering for comparing strength of...