While pharmaceutical patent terms have increased in Canada, increases in patented drug spending have been mitigated by price controls and retrenchment of public prescription drug subsidy programs. We estimate the net effects of these offsetting policies on domestic pharmaceutical R&D expenditures and also provide an upper-bound estimate on the effects of these policies on Canadian pharmaceutica...

Background: To manage public expenditures in the mid-1990s, British Columbia implemented evidence-based drug coverage policies, including " reference pricing. " Industry lobbied against the province' s policy, arguing that reference pricing harms patients and that it is inconsistent with federal and provincial legislation. Researchers and the courts have studied and rejected industry' s claims....

BACKGROUND To manage public expenditures in the mid-1990s, British Columbia implemented evidence-based drug coverage policies, including "reference pricing." Industry lobbied against the province's policy, arguing that reference pricing harms patients and that it is inconsistent with federal and provincial legislation. Researchers and the courts have studied and rejected industry's claims. Howe...

The movement for a national pharmacare plan in Canada is growing, but at the same time the multinational pharmaceutical companies and their supporters are critical of such a move. The three major arguments that they make are that all that is needed is to “fill in the gaps,” ie, cover those who currently are uninsured or underinsured, that private drug plans are superior to public ones because t...

Background Australian government expenditures on chemotherapy medicines are increasing faster than any other area of health care with an average annual growth rate of 63% from 2009/10 to 2013/14. Funding decisions on new, high-cost cancer medicines are challenging because of insufficient evidence on benefits and risks of new cancer medicines and high prices requested by pharmaceutical companies...

Objectives This study aims to describe a specific system of reimbursement of highly innovative drugs (HID) in the Czech Republic, representing a time-limited reimbursement under special conditions. The second objective is to evaluate the total number of drugs approved as HID, as well as the number of drugs entering or failing to enter the system of regular reimbursement. The third objective is ...

In this paper we study the impact of reference pricing (RP) on entry generic firms in pharmaceutical market. For given prices, RP increases firms' expected profit, but since also stimulates price competition, is theoretically ambiguous. order to empirically test effects RP, exploit a policy reform Norway 2005 that exposed subset drugs RP. Having detailed product-level data for wide set substanc...