Background: Macrophage polarization plays a critical role in determining the inflammatory states. Hepcidin is a key negative regulator of iron homeostasis and functions. Although hepcidin has been shown to affect ferroportin expression in macrophages, whether it affects macrophage polarization is still largely unknown. Objective: To address whether hepcidin ind...

The TiO2, which is a main material in the field of photocatalytic reactions, includes rutile and anatase phase. Titanium dioxide has possessed notice due to its promising applications in the environmental photocatalytic degradation of pollutants of organic compound in waste water and utilization of solar energy. The nanosized manganese titanate (pyrophanite) MnTiO3 was collected by oxidation of...

Objective(s): Genistein, as a phytoestrogen found in legumes, has several biological activities in general and anti-diabetic activity particularly. In this study, we investigated the effect of genistein on proteins involved in β-cell proliferation, survival and apoptosis to further reveal its anti-diabetic potential in the ovariectomized diabetic rat. Materials and Methods: We used three-month-...

Objective(s): Increasing evidence suggests that regular physical exercise improves type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the potential beneficial effects of swimming on insulin resistance and lipid disorder in T2DM, and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Materials and Methods: Rats were fed with high fat diet and given a low dosage of Streptozotocin (STZ) to induce T2DM model, and su...

Halakhor S1, Qujeq D2, Shikhpour R3 1. Instructor, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 2. Associate professor, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 3. GP, Babol, Iran Abstract Background: Previous reports show that phosphorylation anddepho...

There is no single answer to the question ‘How is oxidative phosphorylation controlled (or regulated)?’. Control varies with conditions, and is shared between at least two different reactions under all conditions. However, it is possible to provide a simple quantitative description of the control using control analysis. Hecause of the kinetics of all three blocks of reactions involved, oxidatio...

Phosphorylation-induced expression or modulation of a functional protein is a common signal in living cells. Many functional proteins are phosphorylated at multiple sites and it is frequently observed that phosphorylation at one site enhances or suppresses phosphorylation at another site. Therefore, characterizing such cooperative phosphorylation is important. In this study, we determine a temp...