We investigate new connection-provisioning algorithms to efficiently provide signal-quality-guaranteed connections in an all-optical WDM mesh network. In the all-optical network, signal degradations incurred by nonideal transmission medium accumulate along a lightpath. When the signal degradation reaches a certain level, the connection is not usable and is blocked due to transmission impairment...

OBJECTIVE A subgroup of patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) has cognitive impairments, reflected by deviant neuropsychological test performance. However, abnormal test scores can also be caused by suboptimal effort. We hypothesized that worse neuropsychological test performance and underperformance were related to each other and to a smaller reduction in fatigue, functional impairments...

Optical networking poses a number challenges for Generalized MultiProtocol Label Switching (GMPLS). Fundamentally, optical technology is an analog rather than digital technology whereby the optical layer is lowest in the transport hierarchy and hence has an intimate relationship with the physical geography of the network. This contribution surveys some of the aspects of optical networks that im...

In all-optical WDM networks, signals propagate over very long physical lightpaths without regeneration. Signals are subject to well-known physical impairments which are sensitive not only to the network topology, such as amplifier noise, but also to new impairments which vary with the network utilization. These impairments are interchannel crosstalk due to nonlinear signals combinations within ...