Purpose: This study came to analyze the impact of government intervention in production this important crop and determine extent its global competition whether it has a comparative advantage or not. Theoretical framework: Dates are most prominent representative Iraq's foreign trade commodities agricultural products, which requires attention that identity Iraqi agriculture abroad. Interest produ...

Abstract: We study the Nash equilibrium behavior of customers in a discrete-time single-server queue under multiple vacation policy or single vacation policy. Every arriving customer either joins the queue or balks based on his or her service utility. Using a Quasi-Birth-Death Processes (QBD) model, we obtain the stationary distribution of the queue length via the Matrix-Geometric Solution meth...

In this paper, we consider some practical issues when using the quaternion to represent rotation in conjunction with gradientor Jacobian-based search algorithms. Iterative estimation techniques often incorporate gradient or Jacobian information to simultaneously solve for the parameters with respect to many non-linear constraints. We derive a simple form for the Jacobian of the rotation matrix ...

Background Despite the significant role “values” play in decision-making no definition or attributes regarding the concept have been provided in health policy-making. This study aimed to clarify the defining attributes of a concept of value and its irrelevant structures in health policy-making. We anticipate our findings will help reduce the semantic ambiguities associated with the use of “valu...

background: in this regard, in iran a plan was developed and accordingly 52 indicators to measure equity inhealth were developed and announced by the ministry of health in collaboration with other sectors.this study aims to obtain a deeper understanding of the development of health equity indicators andidentify their implementation challenges and proposed solutions from the perspective of polic...

Tension between necessity for infrastructure investment and scarcity of public capital is inevitable in modern motorized nations. When fiscal policy needs to be tightened public investment may face deceleration. On the other hand lax funding scheme may give way to over-investment. After an overview of recent trend in funding system of road investment this paper highlights institutional differen...

Working from a description of what policy analysis entails, we review the emergence of the recent field of analytics and how it may impact public policy making. In particular, we seek to expose current applications of, and future possibilities for, new analytic methods that can be used to support public policy problem-solving and decision processes, which we term policy analytics. We then revie...

this paper explores the distributive impacts of subsidy removal in agricultural sectors and related industry in iran, using a social accounting matrix (sam)-based price model. the structural path analysis approach is used to decompose the overall influences into direct, global, and total effects. the simulation results reveal that a shock therapy strategy, which involves the removal of all subs...

determining strategy, as a very effective tool for policy (and especially science and technology policy), helps governments to be able in the challenges such as globalization and increased competition, and have an appropriate respond in the world today. although some scattered researches about strategy determining have been conducted in iran, the purpose of them is to recognize the future of it...