evidence acquisition a systematic literature searching of databases medline, embase, and google scholar was done from 1982 and updated in december 2015. search terms were “cholecystectomy”, “laparoscopic cholecystectomy”, “four port laparoscopic cholecystectomy”, “single-incision laparoscopic surgery”. context laparoscopic approach with its several techniques has become the standard method for ...

Continued sea-level rise and coastal development have led to considerable concerns on coastline changes along inhabited islands. Analysis of long-term coastline changes of islands is however limited due to unavailable data and the cost of field work. In this study, high-resolution images taken from 1970–2011 at an interval of about 10 years and topographic maps were collected to determine coast...

Sedimentation in ports and waterways covered with fine deposits is a significant challenge harbor management. The top layer of the bed such areas typically consists fluid mud, for which dredging complicated less efficient. goal this paper to investigate physical rheological characteristics sediment nautical depth assessment Bushehr Port its access channel. In study mud was detected by hydrograp...

Port organizations have focused their efforts on physical or tangible assets, generating profitability and value. However, it is recognized that the greatest sustainable competitive advantage is the creation of knowledge using the intangible assets of the organization. The Balanced ScoreCard, as a performance tool, has incorporated intangible assets such as intellectual, structural and social c...

The recent Diplomatic Conference held (1-5 October 2001) by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in London adopted the Draft Convention prepared by The Marine Environmental Protection Committee (MEPC) of IMO for the "Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems for Ships." The convention has been developed to immediately ban the use of Tributyltin (TBT) globally in anti-fouling paints to "p...

Pototano Harbor is one of the locations that crosses a potential marine conservation area, namely Gili Balu Marine Tourism Park Area.The use port location as has long existed before formation waters area water tourism park. This consists eight groups islands which are characterized by beautiful beaches, hills, mangrove forest areas and also beauty underwater ecosystems. Natural conditions suppo...

background port site complications following elective surgery are rare and port site infections remain the most common short long term complications. objectives the study was conducted to analyze port site complications occurring in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis. patients and methods ninety patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were r...

We discuss an approach for 3D mapping using a remotelyoperated vehicle (ROV) in cluttered shallow-water environments where port and harbor infrastructure inspection is of interest. Our goal is to equip the ROV with a mapping method that will support sound decision-making in the process of autonomously exploring a a priori unknown environment with a scanning sonar. This capability will be import...