Recent theory predicts that productivity can influence the relative importance of predation and competition in determining patterns in abundance, diversity, and community structure. In low-productivity systems, competition is predicted to be the major influence on community patterns, while at high productivity, the major influence is predicted to be predation. We directly tested this theory usi...

Two key measures of U.S. economic growth—the annual rate of change in real output and in productivity—have improved considerably in recent years.1 Between 1996 and 1998, growth in productivity in the largest segment of the economy, the private nonfarm business sector, averaged nearly 2 percent. This growth rate, the strongest sustained pace since 1983-85, appears to signal some fundamental impr...

In any machining operations, quality and productivity are the two important conflicting objectives. In order to give assurance for high productivity, some extent of quality has to be compromised. Similarly productivity will be decreased while the efforts are channelized to enhance quality. Therefore it is essential to optimize both quality and productivity simultaneously. Surface roughness and ...

In this paper an effort is made in order to investigate the nexus of dynamic interrelations between the general macroeconomic environment of Greek economy with a special reference to the real wages determination. For the causality analysis among real wages, consumer price index, labour productivity, unemployment rate and gross domestic product a multivariate autoregressive VAR model was used, c...

Labor productivity in U.S. coal mining increased at an average annual rate of slightly over four percent during the past 45 years. This report examines key factors contributing to that record particularly, technological innovation in both surface and underground mining and concurrent geographic shifts in U.S. coal production. Health, safety, and environmental regulations introduced in the sixti...

Low food availability is a major structuring force in deep-sea benthic communities, sustaining only very low densities of organisms in parts of the abyss. These low population densities may result in an Allee effect, whereby local reproductive success is inhibited, and populations are maintained by larval dispersal from bathyal slopes. This slope-abyss source-sink (SASS) hypothesis suggests tha...

Continuing gains in labor productivity are essential to keep real wages and the U.S. standard of living from stagnating. After a period of strong gains in the 1960s, the average growth rate of productivity slowed substantially in the early 1970s. In the following years, productivity continued to grow slowly despite rapid technological advances in such areas as computers and digital communicatio...