abstract in a protocol analysis of second language writing from 20 adult english as a foreign language (efl) iranian students, this research observed how language-switching (l-s), i.e., first language use in l2 writing, was affected by l2 proficiency. switching interactively between first (l1) and second (l2) languages has been recognized as one of the salient characteristics of l2 writing....

Introduction: The relationship is a key concept in nursing and an integral part of patient care. Nursing students are one of the most influential individuals who directly communicate with patients for a long period of time, therefore proper relationship with patients is considered one of their important duties and a necessity for effective training and learning clinical cares. This study aimed ...

increasing academic and professional language demands around the world are not a deniable fact. the purpose of this study was to investigate english language needs and communication needs of the chemistry students at master and ph.d. levels at the iranian universities. in this research, different methods were used including un-structured interview, structured interview, and two sets of question...

Professional development of faculty members as a part of human resources development at universities is of special importance. One of the common strategies for the professional development of these members is sabbatical leave. The present study was carried out with narrative-based research methodology as well as interpretive approach to assess the experiences of faculty members from sabbatical ...