Routing and Makeup problems, determine the routing and frequency of trains & the assignment of blocks to trains, but do not take scheduling into consideration. Consequently later on, it may be difficult to find a timetable accommodating all planned trains and satisfying line and station capacity. As an attempt to settle this issue, both the routing & the scheduling of freight transportation hav...

In order to assess pressure distributions within the track and support structure, earth pressure cells have been installed in selected hot mix asphalt (HMA) trackbeds on a CSX Transportation heavy tonnage revenue freight line and at the TTCI heavy tonnage test track at Pueblo. The measured values of pressure distribution within each layer were used to establish a pressure index. This pressure i...

Although there are a myriad of sources of municipal solid waste (MSW) data in the United States, much of these data are not transparent and are also extremely difficult to find. In addition, the two major methods of quantifying national MSW flows-the BioCycle State of Garbage in America and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)/Franklin Associates' MSW "Facts and Figures" report-differ...

In multi-operation forging processes, the process fault due to missing parts from dies is a critical concern. The objective of this paper is to develop an effective method for detecting missing parts by using automatic classification of tonnage signals during continuous production. In this paper, a new feature selection and hierarchical classification method is developed to improve the classifi...

Estimating crop yield using remote sensing techniques has proven to be successful. However, sugarcane possesses unique characteristics; such as, a multi-year cropping cycle and plant height-limiting for midseason fertilizer application timing. Our study objective was to determine if sugarcane yield potential could be estimated using an in-season estimation of normalized difference vegetative in...

and ECA coal analysers have been used to control sorting and blending operations at coal mines, power plants and coal terminals. In sorting operations, the analyser results are used to sort coal into piles, bins or silos based on the measured quality. Coals can be sorted by the ash, sulphur, moisture, heating value, or by combinations of these. Sorting can be used to allow low-ash coals to bypa...