Exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation (IR) leads to debilitating and dose-limiting gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity. Using three-dimensional mouse crypt culture, we demonstrated that p53 target PUMA mediates radiation-induced apoptosis via a cell-intrinsic mechanism, and identified the GSK-3 inhibitor CHIR99021 as a potent radioprotector. CHIR99021 treatment improved Lgr5+ cell survival a...

Radioprotective effectiveness of a combination of HT and AET was evaluated by radiation induced micronucleus screening in mouse bone marrow. Swiss albino mice were injected with 2-Aminoethylisothiouronium bromide hydrobromide (AET)+5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (HT) 30 minutes prior to a single whole body exposure of 8 and 12 Gy Co60 gamma rays. Animals were sacrificed at different intervals viz., 24 ...

GST-TAT-SOD, a cell-permeable bifunctional antioxidant enzyme, is a potential selective radioprotector. This study aimed to investigate the cytoprotective activity of GST-TAT-SOD against cisplatin-induced damage. The current study showed that cisplatin induced the formation of reactive oxygen species in normal L-02 cells. GST-TAT-SOD (2000 U/mL) executed its antioxidant role by directly scaveng...

BACKGROUND/AIM Use of zebrafish models may decrease the cost of screening new irradiation protectors and mitigators. MATERIALS AND METHODS Zebrafish (Danio rerio) models were tested for screening water-soluble radiation protectors and mitigators. Irradiation of embryos and monitoring survival, and measuring fibrosis of the caudal musculature of adults allowed for testing of acute and late eff...

Diselenonicotinamide (DSNA), a synthetic organoselenium compound, was evaluated for its radioprotective effect in cellular models. A clonogenic assay in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells and an apoptosis assay in murine splenic lymphocytes indicated that pre-treatment with DSNA at a concentration of 25 μM significantly protected them from radiation-induced cell death. Upon irradiation (1-12 Gy)...

One of the effective methods to mitigate late side effects radiotherapy is use radioprotectors that reduce harmful ionizing radiation on living cells. Nowadays there are no ideal and multifunctional radioprotectors. In this connection, research priority search for new able protect healthy cells from therapy. A promising compound can be used as a radioprotector deanol aceglumate. Deanol acegluma...

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common and fatal complications of thoracic radiotherapy. It is characterized with two main features including early radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis in later phase. This study was to investigate the potential radioprotective effects of polydatin (PD), which was shown to exert anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative capacities in other disea...

Aqueous extract of a natural herb, Terminalia chebula was tested for potential antioxidant activity by examining its ability to inhibit γ-radiation induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes and damage to superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme in rat liver mitochondria. HPLC analysis of the extract showed the presence of compounds such as ascorbate, gallic acid and ellagic acid. This was als...

Aqueous and methanolic extracts of natural herb, Convolvulus pluricalus (CP) was monitored for their antioxidant ability against photosensitization and radiation induced damages in rat brain mitochondria. Both the extracts of CP (50 μg /ml assay) showed significant protection against the formation of the lipid peroxidation product, TBARS. Protein oxidation and degradation of proteins was shown ...