Contents 1. Introduction 2. Microbial ecology of the seas and oceans 2.1. Functional groups of marine microorganisms 2.2. Important biogeochemical cycles in marine environments 3. Microbial ecology of freshwater 3.1 Biodiversity of microorganisms in freshwater environments 3.2 Food webs in freshwater environments 4. Microbial ecology of lakes 5. Microbial ecology of running waters 6. Microbial ...

Temperature has widespread and diverse effects on different subcellular components of neuronal circuits making it difficult to predict precisely the overall influence on output. Increases in temperature generally increase the output rate in either an exponential or a linear manner. Circuits with a slow output tend to respond exponentially with relatively high Q(10)s, whereas those with faster o...

We perform an out-of-distribution analysis of ~12,000,000 semi-independent 128x128 pixel^2 SST regions, which we define as cutouts, from all nighttime granules in the MODIS R2019 Level-2 public dataset to discover most complex or extreme phenomena at ocean surface. Our algorithm (Ulmo) is a probabilistic autoencoder, combines two deep learning modules: (1) trained on ~150,000 random cutouts 201...

The health gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians may be exacerbated by climate change if temperature extremes have disproportionate adverse effects on Indigenous people. To explore this issue, we analysed the effect of temperature extremes on hospital admissions for respiratory diseases, stratified by age, Indigenous status and sex, for people living in two different climates zo...

The aim of the study is to estimate the trend in summer maximum air temperature extremes in Poland during the period 1951–2015 by demonstrating the changes in the magnitude of temperature anomalies, temperature “surplus”, as well as the area influenced by extreme temperature occurrence. To express the latter two variables, daily maps of maximum air temperature were created to calculate the tota...