BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis is the most common diseases affecting people in industrialized society. However, this is not a new disease and it was clinically described and treated for the first time by Rhazes (865-925 CE). The disease was also mentioned in "The Canon of Medicine" by Avicenna (980-1037). METHODS We searched in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed for "allergic rhinitis", "intera...

F several centuries, the world, and particularly Europe has benefited from the great contributions brought about by Muslim physicians in the field of medicine. These contributions were not only based on technical skills but also on the role of eminent Muslim physicians in establishing medical ethics. Many prominent physicians of the Islamic civilization involved themselves with professional eth...

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background: provide a review of occupational medicine history in world and iran methods: many books, papers and sites on the occupational medicine history were reviewed. results: occupational medicine have been shaped by the forces that shape work itself, social evolution, changing modes of production, shifting economic powers, and demographic changes in the workforce. hippocrates emphasized th...

In ancient times in Iran, infectious diseases of animals and human beings were referred to as choleraic diseases. Rhazes (9th century), followed by Avicenna (10th century), Jorjani (11th century) and others, had specific opinions on the cause and effect relationship in these diseases, which recall the fermentation theory of Louis Pasteur. In ancient Iran, the methods adopted for veterinary proc...

one of the greatest physicians and encyclopedists in middle ages in europe was born in al-ahwaz (c.930) from old persian stock. ‘alī was moved to shīrāz at an early age and made his medical studies under a physician of this city, abū mahir mūsā ibn sayyar. he practised medicine in baghdad in mid – tenth century and served as physician to ‘adud al-dawla, to whom he dedicated his only composition...

The Materia Medica works of Rhazes, (vol2 of Canon), Al-Biruni (Kitab as -Saidana), Abu Mansur (Haqaiq al-Adwiya), Gorgani (Vol 9 and 10 of Zahira-e-Harazmsahi), Ansari Shirazi (Ihtiyarat-e-Bdi i), Hakim Mu min (Tuhfa) and Aqili Hurasani (Aqrabuzin-e Kabir) and others are the most important works of Islamic and Iranian physicians on Natural Drugs. The systematic pharmacognostical, pharmacologic...

objective: one of the most common global disorders is related to gastrointestinal system. functional dyspepsia (fd) defined as upper abdominal pain and discomfort in the absence of organic ailments is a prevalent disease without any confirmed medication. the purpose of this study was to find gastric disorders which might be coincidental to fd based on traditional persian medicine (tpm). materia...

The birth of the scientific clinical trial is often cited as an experiment by James Lind. On 20 May 1743, Lind compared the effect of a few supposed nutritional remedies against scurvy. The research subjects, 12 sailors suffering from scurvy on board the ship HMS Salisbury, were divided into 6 groups. In one group, each patient was given 2 oranges and 1 lemon every day, to eat upon an empty sto...