Organizational risk is often defined as a change in the flow of profit, or as a sys-tematic or non-systematic changes in the stock return flow. The risk taking of management is conceptualized as the actual investment decisions that are indictors due to uncertainty results. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of financial characteristics on future corporate risk taking behavio...

This paper seeks to examine the competitive behavior of the Brazilian banking industry by conducting an analysis at the level of individual banks to gain an understanding of how the risk-taking behaviors of banks are affected by their degree of market power. Our results suggest that the Brazilian banking industry is characterized by monopolistic competition. Our foremost finding is that the mar...

The main issue of this paper concerns the mediating role of risk appraisal in the relation between past and future behavior. We expected previous risky behavior to heighten risk appraisal, which, in turn, should stimulate preventive behavior. Results of three tests of this mediation hypothesis showed that past behavior was strongly related to future behavior; people who behaved hazardously in t...

Introduction: International travels have increased dramatically in recent years. Adolescents constitute a fast-growing group of travelers. Travels provide an opportunity for exposure to high-risk behavior. The current study reviewed the published data about travel-related morbidity among adolescents traveling to international destinations. Methods: PubMed...

Estimation risk occurs when individuals form beliefs about parameters that are unknown. We examine how auditors respond to the estimation risk that arises when they form beliefs about the likelihood of client bankruptcy. We argue that auditors are likely to become more conservative when facing higher estimation risk because they are risk-averse. We find that estimation risk is of first-order im...

When seeking new leaders, business and government organizations alike often need individuals that are less risk averse, or even risk-seeking, in order to improve performance. However, individuals amenable to increased risktaking may be more likely to engage in misconduct. To study this issue, we explore US political scandals and the implicated politicians’portfolio choices. We find that a polit...

Within the context of risk integration, we introduce in risk measurement stochastic holding period (SHP) models. This is done in order to obtain a ‘liquidity-adjusted risk measure’ characterized by the absence of a fixed time horizon. The underlying assumption is that due to changes on market liquidity conditions one operates along an ‘operational time’ to which the P&L process of liquidating a...

there is always a considerable difference between the corporate performance and the tax levy that is identified by the taxation authorities which has become a common practice. this fact has led to no fairness among taxpayers, a fact that influences the horizontal and vertical sides of equity. horizontal equity is created when people feel the benefits of the tax gain that is proportional to the ...