Map-matching, which reconciles a vehicle’s location with the underlying road map, is a fundamental function of a land vehicle navigation system. This paper presents an improved Kalman filter approach whose state space model is different from the conventional ones. The main objective of the research is to develop and apply a proper Kalman filter-based model for effectively correcting the Global ...

In the year 2000, SOGON formulated a strategic plan on women's health based on the reproductive health approach with the aim of reducing maternal mortality by 50% by the year 2010. In 2005, the Nigerian Road Map for accelerating the attainment of Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5 was launched. One of the key guiding principles of the Road Map was promoting partnerships and joint programming ...

The 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge is a 132 mile race through the desert with autonomous robotic vehicles. Lasers mounted on the car roof provide a map of the road up to 20 meters ahead of the car but the car needs to see further in order to go fast enough to win the race. Computer vision can extend that map of the road ahead but desert road is notoriously similar to the surrounding desert. The CAR...

In order to estimate proper current land price, various factors such as environment, communication, regulation of land use and so on are established by local government. Road slope is one of the land price factors for land form, and land price is corrected by road slope aspect based on road slope for the north. For example, road slope aspect is corrected so that land price face to northern slop...

Recent research on map matching algorithms for land vehicle navigation has been based on either a conventional topological analysis or a probabilistic approach. The input to these algorithms normally comes from the global positioning system and digital map data. Although the performance of some of these algorithms is good in relatively sparse road networks, they are not always reliable for comp...