Purpose This study focuses on a specific method of meat production that involves carcass purchase and by packing facilities with novel two-stage model simultaneously considers location-routing inventory-production operating decisions. The considered problem aims to reduce variable fixed transportation costs, inventory holding cost the opening cold storage facilities. Design/methodology/approach...

We study a class of two echelon, serial systems with identical ordering capacities or limits for both echelons. For the case where the lead time to the upstream echelon is one period, the optimality of state-dependent, modified echelon base-stock policies is proved using a decomposition approach. For the case where the upstream lead time is two periods, we introduce a new class of policies call...

Studies that use rivers in a last-mile delivery context are scarce. This research considers the first multimodal alternative based on barge for parcel activities. It proposes two sustainable network designs two-echelon distribution. The efficiency of scenarios is assessed through performance indicators. A three-stage decomposition heuristic used. Allocation customers to closest satellite at sta...

With the increasing popularity of the World Wide Web (Web), it is very difficult for a single popular Web server to handle the explosive demand from its clients. Web caching (proxy) is an effective technique to reduce a Web server’s load, alleviate Internet traffic, and reduce user’s response time when accessing a Web service. A fundamental question is where to locate proxies throughout the net...

Bayesian networks have been widely used as the knowledge bases with uncertainty. However, in most literatures, the uncertainty measure in Bayesian networks are limited in probability distributions and crisp variables, which restricts the practical usefulness of Bayesian networks when incomplete knowledge or linguistic vagueness is involved in the reasoning system. This study intends to develop ...

to whom, through their official assignments, were delegated the reponsibility for understanding the dynamics of human behaviour; a statement which would surprise and disturb combatant officers who had also accepted this responsibility. Nevertheless the descriptions are alive and eminently readable. The second part repairs this, by describing the organisation of social work from the upper echelo...

in this paper, we develop an inventory model for perishable items with random lifetime in a two-echelon production-distribution system. there is a manufacturer at the first stage that produces its product with a constant rate. deterioration in this stage is modeled via a two-parameter weibull distribution. at the second stage, the retailer places the order and receives the product instantly. th...

The members of a chain always try to find new ways in order to raise their profit. Hence we intend to study two different scenarios in a single item two-echelon green supply chain including two manufacturers and one retailer to study the effects of two effective contracts on members’ profit. Two scenarios are discussed and in first one, first manufacturer proposes quantity discount contract to ...

Drs. North and Spellman concisely review the role of sentinel node biopsy in the management of patients with malignant melanoma and provide an excellent summary of the current state of this technique. A number of comments should be made about this review. These comments relate to (1) the technical aspects of the procedure and (2) its clinical indications. Technical Aspects With regard to the fo...