Foliar diseases are a major threat to worldwide wheat production, especially during the vegetative period in maritime climates. Despite advancements agronomic practices, infestations by foliar possible under favourable weather conditions, thus, fungicides essential for maintaining control. Stage-oriented applications therefore common farm practices. The optimization of fungicide use according b...

UNLABELLED Septoria is a large genus of asexual morphs of Ascomycota causing leaf spot diseases of many cultivated and wild plants. Host specificity has long been a decisive criterium in species delimitation in Septoria, mainly because of the paucity of useful morphological characters and the high level of variation therein. This study aimed at improving the species delimitation of Septoria by ...

Biostimulators with chemical protection are a challenge in sustainable agriculture to obtain high yield, healthy, and pesticide-free wheat. The aim of this four-year spring wheat field experiment was assess the effectivity using herbicide, mixed fungicides protection, humic biostimulator. following treatments were tested: biostimulator (S), sulfosulfuron (H), H + S, propiconazole cyproconazole/...

Tan spot and Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB) are important diseases of wheat caused by the necrotrophic fungi Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Parastagonospora nodorum, respectively. The P. tritici-repentis necrotrophic effector (NE) Ptr ToxB causes tan spot when recognized by the Tsc2 gene. The NE ToxA is produced by both pathogens and has been associated with the development of both tan spot an...