The purpose of this paper is to suggest estimators for the parameters of spatial models containing a spatially lagged dependent variable, as well as spatially lagged independent variables, and an incomplete data set. The specifications allow for nonstationarity, and the disturbance process of the model is specified non-parametrically. We consider various scenarios concerning the pattern of miss...

this study aims at analyzing spatial pattern and associations of fagus oriantalis lipsky in different vertical classes in intact beech forests. data collection was done in 25 ha plot in gorazbon district of educational and experimental forests of university of tehran. species and dbh of all trees with dbh > 7.5 cm were recorded. the location of each tree was determined using azimuth and distanc...

rainfall spatial analysis methods are very helpful since there are not enough rainfall gauge stations and watersheds are scattered in large extent. there are many different methods for estimating average precipitation such as; arithmetic method and thiessen polygon. however, the arrangement and location of data and their correlations are not considered by classic methods. thus, geostatistical t...

This paper views the movements of people among locations as a spatial interaction problem, where locations interact with each other via shared visitors. The purpose of this research is to analyze the general characteristics of such spatial interactions and propose a strategy to explore and visualize such a large volume of data and reveal important patterns. The proposed strategy combines cluste...

it is a serious point to put sustainability into effect with the intention of healthy environment. health, according to the united nation development program (undp) is one of the important indicators which shows development level in each country. health is extremely meaningful and is associated with a great part of urban and regional planning policies as a main aspiration. it also contains many...

On the basis of analysing the theories of object-oriented, topological relation model and non-topological relation model, this paper presents a new spatial data model. The thinking of new data model accords with the theory of spatial organization. It has its own characteristics compared with conventional data model. All of these ideas have been embodied in factual appliance of spatial analysis,...