Recent studies show that ecological interaction networks depart from the ‘‘scale-free’’ topologies observed in many other real world networks. Such a departure has been hypothesized to result from non-matching biological attributes of species, such as phenology or morphology, that prevent the occurrence of certain interactions (‘‘forbidden links’’). Here I compare the topology of 17 plant /anim...

The advances in understanding complex networks have generated increasing interest in dynamical processes occurring on them. Pattern formation in activator-inhibitor systems has been studied in networks, revealing differences from the classical continuous media. Here we study pattern formation in a new framework, namely multiplex networks. These are systems where activator and inhibitor species ...

The purpose of this paper is to construct a weak hyper semi-quantale as a generalization of the concept of semi-quantale and used it as an appropriate hyperlattice-theoretic basis to formulate new lattice-valued topological theories. Based on such weak hyper semi-quantale, we aim to construct the notion of a weak hypervalued-topology as a generalized form of the so-called lattice-valued t...

in this paper the concept of metacompactness in l-topologicalspaces is introduced by means of point finite families of l-fuzzy sets. thisfuzzy metacompactness is a natural generalization of lowen fuzzy compactness.further a characterization of fuzzy metacompactness in the weakly inducedl-topological spaces is also obtained.

In this paper, for topology optimization of double layer grids, an efficient optimization method is presented by combination of Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) and Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) which is called ICA-GSA method. The present hybrid method is based on ICA but the moving of countries toward their relevant imperialist is done using the la...

This paper introduces a novel two transistors forward topology employing a z-source to achieve ZVZCS and power transformer resetting for various applications. Comparing with the forward converter, this topology has the advantage of displaying ZCS condition with an added Z-Source and no additional switches when the switches turn on, and that ZVS condition happens when the switches turn off. Duty...

SUMMARY QDist is a program for computing the quartet distance between two unrooted trees, i.e. the number of quartet topology differences between the trees, where a quartet topology is the topological subtree induced by four species. The program is based on an algorithm with running time O(n log2 n), which makes it practical to compare large trees. Available under GNU license. AVAILABILITY ht...

we consider the transitive linear maps on the operator algebra $b(x)$for a separable banach space $x$. we show if a bounded linear map is norm transitive on $b(x)$,then it must be hypercyclic with strong operator topology. also we provide a sot-transitivelinear map without being hypercyclic in the strong operator topology.