BACKGROUND Human sperm DNA damage may adversely affect reproductive outcomes, and the spermatozoa of infertile men possess substantially more DNA damage than that of fertile men. To date, there is no available treatment for men with high levels of sperm DNA damage. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varicocelectomy on sperm DNA denaturation (DD, an index of sperm DNA damag...

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) can interfere with hormone activities and are suspected as endocrine disrupters involved in disorders, e.g. reproductive disorders. We investigated the possible relation between the actual integrated serum xenoestrogenic, xenoandrogenic and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activities, and the sperm DNA damage and sperm apoptotic markers of 262 adult males (54...

Semen samples collected from 28 male partners of infertile couples were divided into three equal aliquots and prepared with three selected media, such as PureSperm (Nidacon, Gothenburg, Sweden), Sil-Select Plus (Fertipro, Beernem, Belgium) and SpermGrad (Vitrolife, Gothenburg, Sweden). The differences in mean percentages of semen parameters were assessed by repeated measures analysis. Correlati...

Objective Imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and total antioxidant capacity in testis, epididymis, and seminal fluid can eventually lead to subfertility and infertility. Abnormal chromatin packaging, and DNA fragmentation is considered as the main underlying causes. In this regard, we aimed to assess relationship between sperm parameters with DNA damage, protamine def...

Infertility affects one in six couples in Europe during their reproductive years with dysfunctional sperm being one of the most common causes. Conventional semen analysis has proven variable and lacking in prognostic value so, over the past decade, more useful molecular fertility biomarkers have been explored. Among the tests showing most promise are those measuring sperm DNA quality. Sperm DNA...

Background: Oxidative stress occurs when the oxidative homeostasis is damage. Excessive ROS are generated and this reaction has been proposed to produce marked damage to the structure and function of sperm. Materials and Methods: This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of of American Ginseng against cyclophosphamide - induced damage in the rat sperm. For this experiment, t...

Background: Sperm DNA is susceptible to oxidative damage due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors which cause oxidative stress and due to limited DNA damage detection and repair mechanism. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the chief cause of sperm DNA damage. So, this study was planned to assess oxidative stress levels and correlate with sperm DNA damage. Material and Method: The study included 3...

Oxidative stress (OS) in the reproductive tract is now a real entity and concern due to the potential harmful effects of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on sperm number, motility, quality, and function including damage to sperm nuclear DNA. Evaluation of OS related damage to non-functional sperm is highly relevant as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique, an effective t...

background: heat shock protein a2 (hspa2) is correlated with sperm maturity and function. therefore, dysfunctional expression of this gene results in abnormal spermatogenesis. on the other hand, dna damage in spermatozoa is considered to be an important cause of male infertility, and the presence of sperm with dna fragmentation and chromatin abnormalities in human ejaculates is well documented,...

Concentration, motility and morphology are parameters commonly used to determine the fertilization potential of an ejaculate. These parameters give a general view on the quality of sperm but do not provide information about one of the most important components of the reproductive outcome: DNA. Either single or double DNA strand breaks can set the difference between fertile and infertile males....