A TV channel designs a revenue maximizing interactive quiz show by using two instruments: the questions’ degree of difficulty and the cost per phone call which callers have to make to answer the question. A question is asked, spectators knowing the answer make a costly phone call and the winner is randomly selected among all those who know the answer. The TV channel’s revenue is the expected nu...

The main purpose of this study is to examine the variables influencing golf spectators’ desire to stay at a professional golf tournament in Japan. The data used in this project were based on a questionnaire administered to 1023 spectators at two professional golf tour tournaments near Tokyo; 991 of these questionnaires were returned. The results indicated that the variables that most affected t...

This study aimed to identify sporting event experience factors and examine the structural relationships among experience, destination image, behavioral intention using data from sport spectators of 18th FINA World Aquatic Championships in South Korea. The were collected a face-to-face questionnaire-based survey with 329 randomly selected aged over 20 years. Factor analysis, reliability, validit...

The current research examined the effects of soccer match results on spectators' subjective well-being. Across the group stage of the soccer World Cup 2014, German-speaking participants indicated their well-being three times per day through a smartphone-based science app. In line with proposed hypotheses, comparisons of data taken after the three matches of the German national team showed robus...

This paper reports results from two field trials of TrottingPal, a mobile system that supports event information management and seamless collaboration between spectators at the trotting track. Each aspect of collaboration within this activity has an important influence on spectator activities at the track and how they are organized. The variety of existing information sources at the track poses...

Sports have received little attention from evolutionary biologists. I argue that sport began as a way for men to develop the skills needed in primitive hunting and warfare, then developed to act primarily as a lek where athletes display and male spectators evaluate the qualities of potential allies and rivals. This hypothesis predicts that (1) the most popular modern male sports require the ski...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the status of risk management in iran football stadiums. the research method was descriptive and survey. the statistical population included all football stadium managers and the sample consisted of the managers of those stadiums in which football premier leagues were held (n=50). two questionnaires were used to collect the data: risk management ques...