Are perceptual categorization and recognition memory subserved by a single memory system or by separate memory systems? A critical piece of evidence for multiple memory systems is that amnesics can categorize stimuli as well as normals but recognize those same stimuli significantly worse than normals (Knowlton & Squire, 1993). An extreme case is E.P., a profound amnesic who can categorize as we...

In their comment on the article by S. B. Hamann, L. R. Squire, and D. L. Schacter (1995), A. L. Ostergaard and T. L. Jernigan (1996) reaffirmed their position that baseline perceptual identification performance and priming are impaired in amnesia. They also suggested certain shortcomings in the experiments of Hamann et al., who found normal baseline performance and normal priming in amnesia acr...

Author Affiliations: Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (Drs Ogrinc, Davies, Goodman, and Batalden); Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Hanover, New Hampshire (Drs Ogrinc, Davies, Goodman, Batalden, Davidoff, and Stevens); Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, Vermont (Drs Ogrinc, Davies, and Goodman); and Inst...

This review evaluates three current theories--Standard Consolidation (Squire & Wixted, 2011), Overshadowing (Sutherland, Sparks, & Lehmann, 2010), and Multiple Trace-Transformation (Winocur, Moscovitch, & Bontempi, 2010)--in terms of their ability to account for the role of the hippocampus in recent and remote memory in animals. Evidence, based on consistent findings from tests of spatial memor...