J. Ciston,1 L. D. Marks,1 R. Feidenhans’l,2 O. Bunk,3 G. Falkenberg,4 and E. M. Lauridsen5 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA 2Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen University, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark 3Paul Scherrer Institut, Swiss Light Source, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland 4HASYLAB at DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22603 Hamburg, G...

Objective(s): ISCOMATRIX vaccines have now been shown to induce strong antigen-specific cellular or humoral immune responses to a broad range of antigens of viral, bacterial, parasite or tumor. In the present study, we investigated the role of ISCOMATRIX charge in induction of a Th1 type of immune response and protection against Leishmania major infection in BALB/c mice.  Materials and Methods:...

Direct measurements of the ionization of poly-L-glutamic acid (PGlu) as it adsorbs onto a polymer brush of opposite electrical charge indicate a transition from expected enhanced ionization when the surface coverage is sparse to considerable suppression below the value in bulk solution when the average chargecharge spacing exceeds a critical level. As additional PGlu molecules adsorbed, the add...

In the present study we search potential of Pt-decorated graphene (PtG) as a new nanostructure adsorbent for nitrous oxide (N2O) using density functional theory (DFT). After fully relaxation of different possible orientations of N2O-PtG complex, we distinguished two optimized configurations for this system; 1- terminal N-side of gas is oriented towards Pt so that the molec...

In the current study, pure TiO2 and Cr-doped TiO2 (Cr@TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel method and the resulting materials were applied to prepare the porous TiO2 electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). It is hypothesized that the advantages of the doping of the metal ions into TiO2 lattice are the temporary rapping of the photogenerated electron-hole (charge carriers)...

thin film phthalocyanines(pc), incloding zinc, iron, and magnesium phthalocyani-nes, were prepared by vacuum deposition method. chronocoulometry was used to study the charge transfer reaction mechanism of ionic species through the thin films. the results obtained in chronocoulometric studies shows that the thin film phthalocyanines could operate via two mechanisms.the first mechanism metal pc t...

From data on the surface area and electrical mobilities of mammalian red blood cells in M/15 phosphate buffer at pH 7.4, it has been possible, with the help of the Gouy and von Smoluchowski theories, to calculate the net surface charge per cell as well as the charge per unit area. It was found that a single mammalian red cell has a net surface charge ranging from four to fifteen million electro...

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) attracts extensive attention due to its widespread technological and environmental applications. This study seeks to investigate the surface charging behavior of the two TiO2 polymorphs, anatase and rutile, using Flow Adsorption Microcalorimetry (FAMC). FAMC allows direct quantitative measurement of the heat of a surface reaction; these calorimetric heats are directly pr...

– We predict theoretically that long-wavelength surface charge modulations universally reduce the pressure between the charged surfaces with counterions compared with the case of uniformly charged surfaces with the same average surface charge density. The physical origin of this effect is the fact that surface charge modulations always lead to enhanced counte-rion localization near the surfaces...