Macrotraumatic extensor mechanism complications do occur after central third patellar tendon harvest for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and include intraor postoperative patella fracture and patellar tendon rupture. These are significant complications that often require additional surgery. Intraoperative precision when harvesting the patellar tendon, bone grafting the donor sit...

Neuromusculoskeletal models are a common method to estimate muscle forces. Developing accurate neuromusculoskeletal models is a challenging task due to the complexity of the system and large inter-subject variability. The estimation of muscles force is based on the mechanical properties of tendon-aponeurosis complex. Most neuromusculoskeletal models use a generic definition of the tendon-aponeu...

Conventionally, tendon-driven manipulators implement some force control scheme based on tension feedback. This feedback allows the system to ensure that the tendons are maintained taut with proper levels of tensioning at all times. Occasionally, whether it is due to the lack of tension feedback or the inability to implement sufficiently high stiffnesses, a position control scheme is needed. Thi...

INTRODUCTION Despite the high prevalence of tendon injuries, the etiology of tendon rupture is poorly understood. Degeneration due to cumulative microtrauma resulting from overuse has been widely discussed as a major contributor to tendon failure. However, existing biomechanical models of fatigue have largely focused on the relationship between the applied stress and the number of cycles to fai...

Given an underactuated tendon-driven finger, the finger posture is underdetermined and can move freely (“flop”) in a region of slack tendons. This work shows that such an underactuated finger can be operated in tendon force control (rather than position control) with effective performance. The force control eliminates the indeterminate slack while commanding a parameterized space of desired tor...

Extensor mechanism disruption following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a rare but devastating complication. These patients may require revision of the implants, but even then, it may not be possible to restore the normal function of the knee after the disruption. The patterns of extensor mechanism disruption can broadly be classified into three types: suprapatellar (quadriceps tendon rupture)...

Anuran jumping is one of the most powerful accelerations in vertebrate locomotion. Several species are hypothesized to use a catapult-like mechanism to store and rapidly release elastic energy, producing power outputs far beyond the capability of muscle. Most evidence for this mechanism comes from measurements of whole-body power output; the decoupling of joint motion and muscle shortening expe...

Triceps rupture is the least common among all tendon injuries. The usual mechanism of injury is a fall on an outstretched hand, although direct contact injuries have also been reported to cause this injury. The diagnosis of acute triceps tendon rupture may be missed, which can result in prolonged disability and delayed operative management. We presented three cases of acute triceps tendon ruptu...